What makes up culture? Unit Two Lesson Two

Today’s Main Idea: Culture exist because it is necessary for a society’s survival. Culture is able to operate because of series of complex and simple phenomenon exist.

Language:  Language aids in the creation of culture, it allows us to share our ideas with others.  Without language there would be: – No written text – No spoken language – How would we communicate? (Remember language is just not writing and speaking, it is symbols and gestures also.)

The Sapir Whorf Hypothesis:  “language is our guide to reality”  Hypothesis of Linguistic Relativity  Theory stating that our ideas of reality depends upon our language – The number of words to describe an idea or object can signify its importance

 For Example: – Shoes – thinks of how many words there are to describe them! – Cell phones – smart phone, flip phone, full keyboard, camera phone – Dresses – strapless, empire waist

Norms:  Norms  rules defining appropriate and inappropriate behavior – Explains why people in the same culture act similarly in the same situation Can you think of some examples? – Look at the list on page 82 in your book!

Three types of norms: 1 – Folkways  norm that lack moral significance – Not essential for group survival, no major consequences for breaking this norm – Consequences can vary though Can you think of some examples?

2 - Morey  norms that have moral dimensions and that should be followed by members of society – Vital for group survival – Do not follow then you can be scorned As a class can we think of some examples?

3 – Laws  a rule of behavior that violation of which can result in strong punishment Think of some laws: write them here.

Taboos:  Taboo  a rule of behavior that the violation of which calls for strong punishment  Can we think of some examples?

What happens we break the laws?  Sanctions  rewards and punishments used to encourage people to follow norms – Formal Sanctions  sanctions imposed by person given special authority EX: Going to jail, being arrested – Informal Sanctions  rewards or punishments that can be applied by most members of a group After school detention

Values:  Values  broad ideas about what is a good desirable and shared in a society  Can we think of some examples?