1. EQ 9.3:

2. Creating a city  Create a city using the parameters provided.  When you complete your city, compare it to the models on page 277 and 279.  Somewhere on the map of your city, tell me which model is most similar to you city.  Also include a brief explanation of why you created your city that way.

3. Urban Morphology The layout of a city, its physical form and structure. Berlin, Germany With wall (above) And without wall (right) What does the urban morphology of the city tell us?

4. Functional Zonation The division of the city into certain regions (zones) for certain purposes (functions). Cairo, Egypt Central city (above) Housing projects (right) What does the functional zonation of the city tell us about the city?

5. Zones of the City  Central business district (CBD): key ecn area—think traffic, tall building, access to mass transit  Central City (the CBD + older housing zones)  Suburb (outlying, functionally uniform zone outside of the central city): homes tend to be larger/more expensive…so who is moving?  50% of Americans live in suburbs  Other 50% split btwn central city and rural

6. Modeling the North American City  Concentric zone model (Ernest Burgess)  Indicates outward growth as the city grew  Zones 3-5=housing  Sector model (Homer Hoyt)  City grows outward, but low-income could extend all the way to city edge  Multiple Nuclei Model (Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman )  Developed bc of recognition of no single CBD nuclei

7. Three Classical Models of Urban Structure

8. Concentric Zone Model Fig. 13-5: In the concentric zone model, a city grows in a series of rings surrounding the CBD.

9.  States that urban growth is result of expansion and reconversion of land uses  Some think this too simple, doesn’t account for indiv transportation

10. Sector Model Fig. 13-6: In the sector model, a city grows in a series of wedges or corridors extending out from the CBD.

11. Hoyt’s Sector Model  Focus on Residential Patterns  Not circles, but rather sectors  Communication/transport have effect  Hoyt recognizes the influence transportation has on different socio- economic groups.  Common for low-income households to be near railroad lines and commercial businesses. Why might this be?

12. Multiple Nuclei Model Fig. 13-7: The multiple nuclei model views a city as a collection of individual centers, around which different people and activities cluster.

13. Multiple Nuclei Model Harris & Ullman No clear single CBD. CBD losing its dominant position. Increased Car ownership Related industries locate nea r each other.

14. Indianapolis: Percent Renters Fig. 13-8: The distribution of household renters in Indianapolis illustrates the concentric zone model.

15. Indianapolis: Household Income Fig. 13-9: The distribution of high income households in Indianapolis illustrates the sector model.

16. Indianapolis: Ethnic Patterns Fig. 13-10: The distribution of minorities in Indianapolis is an example of a multiple nuclei model.

17. Urban Realms Model Each realm is a separate economic, social and political entity that is linked together to form a larger metropolitan framework.

18. Urban Realm: the modern metropolis  Edge cities to the Urban Realm  Characterized by:  highways,  close to airports  retail and business

19. Edge Cities: suburban towns explode

20. Modeling the Cities of the Global Periphery and Semiperiphery  Latin American City (Griffin-Ford model)  African City (de Blij model)  Southeast Asian City (McGee model)

21. Latin American City Model (Griffin-Ford Model) Fig. 13-15: In many Latin American cities, the wealthy live in the inner city and in a sector extending along a commercial spine.

22. Disamenity sector – very poorest parts of the city eg. the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

23. The African City (de Blij model)

24. Southeast Asian City (McGee model)