1. MOBILIZING FOR WAR Economy –I–I–I–Industrial output twice that of Germany and five times that of Japan –F–F–F–Fought and won the war because of our industry –I–I–I–Incentives Cost plus contacts-more you produced and the faster you produced it the more you got paid –A–A–A–Automobile industry produced 1/3rd of all military equipment

2. –War production board Army Army –Selective service and training act (draft- conscription) First peace time draft in our history First peace time draft in our history –Segregated forces Double V-fight racism abroad and at home Double V-fight racism abroad and at home Airmen of Tuskegee Airmen of Tuskegee –Women Slogan “release a man for combat” Slogan “release a man for combat”

3. EUROPEAN CAMPAIGN North Africa North Africa –Operation torch –Wanted to control the Medetarian Sea –George Patton Atlantic Atlantic –Convoy system- protect ships from German subs USSR USSR –Germany tries to kill their economy

4. –Get 250,000 men trapped behind Russian troops –Only 5,000 survive battle and POW camps –Major turning point in the European war Italy Italy –Mussolini taken prisoner by King –Italy sues for peace in 1943 France France –Operation overlord Stalin meets with Roosevelt and Churchill in Tehran, agrees to go on offensive when allies invade in 44 Stalin meets with Roosevelt and Churchill in Tehran, agrees to go on offensive when allies invade in 44

5. –D–D–D–D-Day, June 1944 7,000 ships with over 100,000 men, 23,000 paratroopers Land on code name beaches of Utah, Omaha, Juno, Gold, sword US troops land on Utah and Omaha –U–U–U–Utah went well –O–O–O–Omaha – 2,500 marines killed and wounded –B–B–B–Battle of the Bulge Hitlers last chance at victory Attacks with all he has at the middle of our forces in France Almost breaks through, runs out of supplies and fuel

7. April 12, 1945 Roosevelt has a stroke and dies. Harry S. Truman becomes president April 30, 1945 Hitler commits suicide May 7, 1945, VE day

8. WAR IN THE PACIFIC Philippines –U–U–U–Under command of Douglas Macarthur –B–B–B–Bataan Death march –D–D–D–Doolittle raid Decide to attack Tokyo for retaliation on Pearl Harbor Japanese change strategy because of the raid and decide to go after knock out blow on US at Midway

9. Midway Midway –Turning point in the Battle in the Pacific against the Japanese –Defeated the Japanese Navy, had broken their code Coral Sea Coral Sea –1 st naval battle in history where ships never see each other –Stop Japanese advance to Australia

10. Island hopping Leyte gulf –1–1–1–1st time Kamikaze used Iwo Jima –N–N–N–Need island for air base to attack main land of Japan, island is only 350 miles from Japan –6–6–6–6,800 marines are killed and wounded Fire bombing –F–F–F–Fire bomb Tokyo with bombs filled with Napalm, kill 80,000 people and destroy 250,000 building –F–F–F–Fire bomb 67 cities by wars end

12. Atomic Bomb Atomic Bomb –Manhattan project under direction of Robert Oppenheimer –Big argument on whether we should use this weapon or not, decide to warn Japan that we have a new weapon of mass destruction –Japan does not like unconditional surrender terms –Aug. 6, 1945 drop “little boy” on the city of Hiroshima Enola gay Enola gay Killed between 80,000 and 120,000 people, destroyed 63% of the city Killed between 80,000 and 120,000 people, destroyed 63% of the city

13. Aug. 9, 1945 drop “fat man” on the city of Nagasaki killing between 35,000 and 74,000 people Aug. 9, 1945 drop “fat man” on the city of Nagasaki killing between 35,000 and 74,000 people VJ day Aug. 15, 1945 VJ day Aug. 15, 1945

16. LIFE AT HOME Women Women –Went to work to take up the slack in the work force –Rosie the riveter African Americans African Americans –Phillip Randolph Takes the opportunity to fight for civil rights Takes the opportunity to fight for civil rights Plans a march on D.C. Plans a march on D.C. Roosevelt passes Executive order 8802 Roosevelt passes Executive order 8802

17. –Banned discrimination in employment if you had government or defense contracts –Fair employment practices commission 1 st first civil rights agency established 1 st first civil rights agency established Japanese Americans Japanese Americans –Rumors of spies after Pearl Harbor –Roosevelt signs an order allowing the war department to declare parts of the US a military zone and remove anyone they want from that zone –Use this to intern 100,000 Japanese Americans

18. –c–c–c–create 10 camps –S–S–S–Supreme court in Korematsu v United States declares it legal, not based on race but on Military urgency –R–R–R–Reagan officially apologizes on behalf of the United States in 1998 and gives $20,000 to each surviving Japanese American Rationing –W–W–W–Wage and price controls –R–R–R–Red and blue points Red for meats, fats and oils, blue for processed foods

19. –Victory gardens Paying for the war Paying for the war –Raised taxes –Sold bonds E-bonds most common, bought them for $18.75 and sold them back in 10 year for $25.00 E-bonds most common, bought them for $18.75 and sold them back in 10 year for $25.00 Raised 50 billion in war bonds Raised 50 billion in war bonds