1. Unit 1 Test Review
Colonization Era

2. New England Colonies Connecticut New Hampshire Massachusetts
Why? Freedom of Religion
Who? Puritans
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Who? Pilgrims
Rhode Island
Who? Roger Williams and Anne Hutchison

3. New England Climate Long, cold winters
Rocky soil, not good for farming.
Positioned on the North Atlantic Coast
Many forests and rivers

4. New England Economy $$$
Fishing
Whaling
Timber
Shipping
Trade
Subsistence farming
Only grew enough to feed themselves and their families.
They did NOT sell their goods.

5. Middle Colonies New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware
Why? To make $$ (economic)
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Why? Freedom of Religion
Who? William Penn & the Quakers
Delaware
Why? Political Freedom

6. Middle Colony Climate
Very flat, fertile land
Mild Winters

7. Middle Colony Economy $$$
AKA “Breadbasket Colonies”
Farmed food products to feed the colonies
Produced
Wheat
Grain
Iron
Dairy

8. Southern Colonies Virginia Maryland North and South Carolina Georgia
Why? To make $$ (economic)
Who? John Smith
Maryland
Why? Freedom of Religion
Who? Lord Baltimore and the Catholics
North and South Carolina
Georgia
Why? Refuge for debtors and convicts
Who? James Oglethorp

9. Southern Colony Climate
Fertile Soil
Very long growing seasons
Very warm and sunny

10. Southern Colony Economy $$$
Plantation Agriculture
Cotton
Rice
Tobacco
Indigo
Sugar cane

11. Mayflower Compact Who? Men When? 1620 Where? Plymouth What did it do?
Set forth ideas of self government in the colonies
Basis for US Constitution in 1787

12. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Where? Connecticut
What did it do?
Extended voting rights to non-church members
Limited the power of the governor
Expanded the idea of representative government

13. House of Burgesses 1st elected law making body in the colonies
Provided more local control in Virginia
Expanded the idea of representative government.

14. English Colonization Why??
Gold
Economic $$
High unemployment
Market for English goods
Source of raw materials
God
Social
Freedom from religious persecution
Opportunity for unhappy or unemployed English
Glory
Political
Competition with Spain and Portugal for new passage to India
Promise of gold to increase England’s wealth
Acquisition of territory to add to empire

15. Britain's policy to control Colonial trade
Mercantilism
Britain's policy to control Colonial trade
Mother Country
(Britain)
Raw Materials
Colonies
Manufactured Goods

16. Transatlantic Trade Routes
Effects: New England made HUGE profits and slavery increased.

17. Jamestown Where? Virginia When? 1607 Why? Hardships?
Economic Reasons ($$)
Hardships?
Swampy
Bad water and farmland
Harsh climate
Wasted time looking for gold
Disease
How did it succeed?
John Smith, “He that will not work, shall not eat.”
He also traded with Powhatan Indians for corn

18. Salutary Neglect
Britain helped the colonies work towards this type of government by staying out of their business for many years. This became known as salutary neglect.
This ‘neglect’ helped the colonies learn how to deal with their own problems & issues instead of waiting for Britain to fix things for them

19. Great Awakening Religious movement in the colonies during the 1700’s.
Colonial culture changed because colonists began to argue over religious practices &
People began to leave their church for the Protestant one.
They also welcomed all people, regardless of race or gender.

20. Enlightenment
A movement that emphasized reason and science as the paths to knowledge.
John Locke, a philosopher and Enlightenment figure applied the idea of natural law – people have unalienable rights which the government should protect.