1. Appendicular skeleton
Lab #11
Appendicular skeleton

2. Bone Practical 50 points On 11/8 - One week from Thursday
Covers all the bones and bone parts on the axial and appendicular skeleton list
About half axial, half appendicular stations with disarticulated bones (e.g. a tibia)
Know names of bones and bone parts, locations, and general functions.
For appendicular bones, know L vs R

4. Appendicular skeleton
Pectoral girdle
Arms, wrists, hands
Pelvic girdle
Legs, ankles, feet

5. The Pectoral Girdle
Attaches the upper appendages to the axial skeleton
Scapula: shoulder/blade
Clavicle: collarbone
Figure 8–2a

6. Scapula - shoulder What you need to know:
spine, acromion process, glenoid fossa, supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa, subscapular fossa, coracoid process

7. Scapula

8. Clavicle - collarbone
Parts: sternal end, body, acromial end

9. What attaches the pectoral girdle?
NOTE: the maunubrium-clavicular joint is the only direct connection between axial and appendicular skeleton – that’s it!

10. Humerus – “Arm”

11. Arm
Parts of the humerus: head, neck, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle, trochlea, capitulum, coronoid fossa, olecranon fossa, deltoid tuberosity

12. Radius and ulna - forearm

13. Forearm
parts of the ulna - olecranon process, coronoid process, semilunar (trochlear) notch, radial notch, styloid process, head
parts of the radius - head, neck, radial tuberosity, styloid process, ulnar notch

14. Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges (wrist, palm, fingers)

15. Wrist, palm, fingers
Wrist - types of carpals - scaphoid, lunate, triquetral (triangular), pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capate, hamate
Palm – metacarpals, numbered I –V starting with thumb. Parts of the metacarpals – base (proximal), shaft, head (distal)
Fingers – phlanges, also numbered 1 -5 types and parts of the phalanges – proximal, middle, distal, pollex.

16. Carpal Mnemonics
From lateral (thumb side) to medial and proximal to distal in two rows:
“Some lovers try positions that two can't handle.”
“Sally left the party to take Cathy home.”
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

17. P L S T T H C T
Thumb side

18. Carpal Mnemonics “Please tell Luke Sykwalker to take Chewy home”
Proximal row medial to lateral: Please (pisiform) tell (triquetrum) Luke (lunate) Skywalker (scaphoid)
Distal row lateral to medial: to (trapezium) take (trapezoid) Chewy (capitate) home (hamate

19. The Pelvic Girdle Made up of 2 hipbones (ossa coxae)
Strong to bear body weight, stress of movement
Part of the pelvis

20. Os Coxae Made up of 3 fused bones: ilium (articulates with sacrum)
ischium
pubis

21. Coxal bones – hip bones

22. Os coxae You need to know:
ilium, ischium, pubis, iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine, posterior superior iliac spine, anterior inferior iliac spine, posterior inferior iliac spine, greater sciatic notch, ischial tuberosity, lesser sciatic notch,, acetabulum, obturator foramen, pubic symphysis, sacroiliac joint

23. Pelvis = coxae + sacrum

24. Femur - thigh

25. Femur
parts of the femur - head, neck, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle, lateral condyle, medial condyle, intercondylar fossa, patellar surface

26. Patella - kneecap

27. Patella
parts of the patella - base, apex, articular facets

28. Tibia and fibula - leg

29. Parts of the leg (lower leg)
parts of the tibia - lateral condyle, medial condyle, tibial tuberosity, intercondylar eminence, medial malleolus
parts of the fibula - head, neck, lateral malleolus

30. Tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges (ankles, feet, toes)

31. Ankles, feet, toes
Ankle: types of tarsals - calcaneus, talus, cuboid, navicular, first, second, and third (lateral, intermediate and medial) cuneiform
Foot: parts of the metatarsals - proximal), shaft, head (distal)
Toes: types and parts of the phalanges - proximal, middle, distal, hallus.

32. Tarsal mnemonics “Clever Tibetans Navigate: 1 – 2 – 3 – Carefully”
The Seven Tarsals: Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular, First, Second, and Third ( also called lateral, intermediate and medial) cuneiforms, Cuboid

34. Tarsal mnemonics “Tall Centers Never Take Shots From Corners”
Talus, Calcaneus, Navicular, Third cuneiform, Second cuneiform, First cuneiform, Cuboid

35. Today’s lab
Work thorough activities using bones and models (palpating activities are good)
Due Thurs 11/1: Lab 9
Due Thurs 11/8: Labs 10, 11, 12, 13