1. Bones of the skull

2. Skull 28 bones in the skull 2 major divisions: Cranium and Face
Cranium: frontal, 2 parietal, 2 temporal, occipital, sphenoid and ethmoid
Face: 2 maxillae, 2 zygomatic, 2 nasal, madible, 2 lacrimal, 2 palatine, 2 inferior nasal conchae, and the vomer

3. Cranial Bones
Frontal Bone: forehead and anterior portion of the top of the cranium
Contains Sinuses (frontal sinus) and similar sinuses in the sphenoid, ethmoid and maxillae (called Paranasal Sinuses)
Frontal Sinus joins with the parietal bone in the CORONAL SUTURE

4. Cranial Bones Parietal Bone: two bones form the topside of the cranium
Form joints with several bones:
Lamboidal Suture: with the occipital bone
Squamous Suture: with the temporal bone and part of the sphenoid
Coronal Suture: with the frontal bone

5. Cranial Bones
Temporal Bones: lower sides of the cranium and part of the skull floor
House the middle and inner ear structures
Mastoid Sinus is contained here

6. Cranial Bones Occipital Bone: lower, posterior portion of the skull
Forms immovable joints with 3 other cranial bones (parietal, temporal and sphenoid)
Forms a movable joint with the first cervical vertebrate
Foramen Magnum: hole where spinal cord enters cranial cavity

7. Cranial Bones
Sphenoid Bone: located in central portion of cranium floor
Serves as an anchor for the frontal, parietal, occipital and ethmoid bones
Forms portion of orbits
Sphenoid Sinuses

8. Cranial Bones
Ethmoid Bones: anterior to the sphenoid and posterior to the nasal bones
Makes up anterior cranial floor, medial walls of orbits, upper parts of the nasal septum, sides of nasal cavity and parts of the nasal roof

9. Facial Bones Maxillae: (2 bones) articulate with each other
Forms floor of the orbits, roof of the mouth, floor and walls of the nose
Each maxilla contains a Maxillary Sinus (largest of the paranasal sinuses)

10. Facial Bones Mandible: single bone Largest, strongest bone of the face
Articulates with the temporal bone in the only movable joint of the skull

11. Facial Bones Zygomatic: shapes the cheek (AKA malar bone)
Forms the outer margin of the orbit, and the zygomatic arch
Articulates with maxillary, temporal, frontal and sphenoid bones

12. Facial Bones Nasal Bones: gives shape to the nose
Forms upper bridge of the nose
Septal Cartilage forms lower portion of the nose
Lacrimal Bone: has a groove for the tear duct (nasolacrimal duct)
Sidewall of the nasal cavity and medial wall of orbit

13. Eye Orbits
Orbital cavities contain eyes and associated muscles; important blood vessels and nerves; and lacrimal duct
Orbital walls are generally very thin and fragile
Palatine Bones form the base of the orbits and the roof of the hard palate

14. Fetal Skull Very different from adult skulls
Placement of bones allows for change of shape during birth
Fontanels: allow for molding of head shape during birth; rapid brain development without increasing intracranial pressure (do not close until adult size is reached)