Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Skeletal system includes both:

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "Skeletal system includes both:"— Presentation transcript:

1 Skeletal system includes both:
Axial skeleton Skull Auditory ossicles and hyoid bone Vertebral column Thoracic cage Appendicular skeleton Pectoral and pelvic girdles Upper and lower limbs

2 Figure 7.1b The Axial Skeleton

3 The skull Consists of the cranium and the bones of the face
The cranium encloses cranial cavity Facial bones surround and protect the entrances to the respiratory and digestive tracts Superficial landmarks include the sutures Lambdoid Coronal Sagittal Squamous

4 Figure 7.2 Cranial and Facial Subdivisions of the Skull

5 Figure 7.3 The Adult Skull Figure 7.3a, b

6 Figure 7.3 The Adult Skull Figure 7.3c

7 Figure 7.3 The Adult Skull Figure 7.3d

8 Figure 7.3 The Adult Skull Figure 7.3e

9 Focus: The Individual Bones of the Skull Cranial Bones
one occipital bone foramen magnum two parietal bones one frontal bone frontal sinuses two temporal bones auditory ossicles one sphenoid one ethmoid

10 Figure 7.4 The Sectional Anatomy of the Skull
Figure 7.4a

11 Figure 7.4 The Sectional Anatomy of the Skull
Figure 7.4b

12 Figure 7.5 The Occipital and Parietal Bones

13 Figure 7.6 The Frontal Bone

14 Figure 7.7 The Temporal Bones

15 Figure 7.8 The Sphenoid Figure 7.8

16 Figure 7.9 The Ethmoid Figure 7.9

17 Facial bones Maxillary bones Mandible Palatine bones Nasal bones Vomer
Inferior nasal conchae Zygomatic bones Lacrimal bones Hyoid

18 Maxillae Largest facial bones
Form the upper jaw and most of the hard palate

19 Figure 7.10 The Maxillary and Palatine Bones

20 Palatine and Nasal Bones
Palatine bones Small “L” shaped bones Form the posterior hard palate and floor of the nasal cavity Nasal bones Superior border of external nares

21 Vomer, Zygomatic and Lacrimal bones
Inferior portion of the nasal septum Zygomatic bone Temporal process articulates with zygomatic process of temporal bone Lacrimal bones Smallest bones of the face Sit medially in orbit

22 Figure 7.11 The Smaller Bones of the Face

23 Mandible and Hyoid bones
Bone of the lower jaw Hyoid Suspended by stylohyoid ligaments Supports the larynx

24 Figure 7.12 The Mandible and Hyoid Bones
Figure 7.12a

25 Figure 7.12 The Mandible and Hyoid Bones
Figure 7.12b, c

26 The orbital and nasal complexes
Seven bones in the orbital complex Nasal complex = bones that enclose the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses

27 Figure 7.14 The Orbital Complex

28 Skulls of infants and children
Fontanels permit skulls of infants and children to continue growing

29 Vertebral column Vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx 7 cervical vertebrae
12 thoracic vertebrae 5 lumbar vertebrae Sacrum and coccyx are fused vertebrae

30 Figure 7.16 The Vertebral Column

31 Spinal curvature Four spinal curves
Primary (accommodation) curves = thoracic and sacral Secondary (compensation) curves = lumbar and cervical

32 Vertebral anatomy Typically has a body and vertebral arch
Superior and inferior articular processes Separated by intervertebral discs

33 Figure 7.18 Vertebral Anatomy

34 Vertebral regions Cervical Has distinctive shape
Large relative size of vertebral foramen Costal processes with transverse foramina Notched spinous processes

35 Figure 7.19 The Cervical Vertebrae

36 Thoracic vertebrae Heart-shaped body Long slender spinous processes
Articulations for ribs

37 Figure 7.20 The Thoracic Vertebrae
Figure 7.20a

38 Figure 7.20 The Thoracic Vertebrae
PLAY Animation: Axial Dissections Figure 7.20b, c

39 Lumbar vertebrae Most massive Least mobile Subjected to great stresses

40 Figure 7.21 The Lumbar Vertebrae

41 Sacrum Protects reproductive, digestive and urinary organs
Articulates with pelvic girdle and fused elements of coccyx

42 Figure 7.22 The Sacrum and Coccyx

43 Thoracic cage Thoracic vertebrae Ribs Sternum
Ribs and sternum forms the rib cage

44 Figure 7.23 The Thoracic Cage
Figure 7.23a

45 Figure 7.23 The Thoracic Cage
Figure 7.23b

46 The ribs Ribs 1-7 are attached to vertebrae
8-12 are vertebrochondral ribs 11-12 are floating ribs

47 Typical rib Has a head, neck, tubercle and a body
Costal groove marks pathway of blood returning to the heart

48 The Sternum consists of
Manubrium Body Xiphoid process

49 Figure 7.23 The Thoracic Cage
PLAY Animation: Axial Dissections Figure 7.23


Download ppt "Skeletal system includes both:"

Similar presentations


Ads by Google