1. I. Reported speech
Если глагол главного предложения стоит в одном из времен группы Present, то глагол придаточного предложения может употребляться в любом времени, которое требуется по смыслу.

2. Direct speech
Reported speech
She says: “I phone my friends every day”. She says: “I will phone you tomorrow”. She says: “I phoned you an hour ago”. He asks: “What is the problem?”
She says (that) she phones her friends every day. She says (that) she will phone me tomorrow. She says (that) she phoned me an hour ago. He asks what the problem is.

3. tells Lena
He says to Lena, “I see my friends every day”.
He says to Lena that he sees his friends every day.
Carrie tells her mother: “Everyone will laugh.”
Carrie tells her mother that everyone will laugh.
She says: “I am busy.”
She says that she is busy.
He tells them, “I don’t like poetry.”
He tells them that he doesn’t like poetry.
says to them

4. II. Reported speech
Если глагол главного предложения выражен одним из прошедших времен Past Simple, Past Continuous or Past Perfect (чаще Past Simple), то глагол придаточного предложения подчиняется правилу согласования времен.

5. Придаточное предложение
Sequence of Tenses
Direct speech
Reported speech
Главное предложение
Придаточное предложение
Present Simple
Past Simple or Past Continuous or Past Perfect
1. Past Simple
2. Present Continuous
2. Past Continuous
3. Present Perfect
3. Past Perfect
4. Present Perfect Continuous
4. Past Perfect
Continuous
5. Past Simple
5. Past Perfect
6. Future
6. Future-in-the-Past
7. Past Continuous
8. Past Perfect
9. Past Perfect Continuous
9. Past Perfect

6. “I phone my friends every day”. She said (that)
she phoned her friends every day”.
Past Simple
Present Simple
“I will phone you”.
she would phone me.
Future Simple
Future-in-the-Past
“I phoned you yesterday”.
she had phoned the day before.
Past Perfect
He said:
“I can solve this problem”.
He said (that)
he could solve this problem
“We may go there”.
they might go there.
“I must leave”.
He had to leave.

7. said to Carrie
The mother said: “It is a special party.”
The mother said it was a special party.
She told Carrie: “I haven’t seen you for a long time.”
He told Carrie that he hadn’t seen her for a long time.
She said: “Kate, your grandmother gave you a velvet dress for your birthday.”
She said to Kate that her grandmother had given her a velvet dress for her birthday.
He said: “Everyone will laugh.”
He said that everyone would laugh.
told Kate

8. Changes to time words and phrases
Direct speech
Reported speech
today
that day
tonight
that night
yesterday
the day before
tomorrow
next day
(a week) ago
(a week) before
last year
the year before
next year
the following year
this evening
that evening
now
then

9. Changes to demonstrative pronouns
Direct speech
Reported speech
these
those
this
that
here
there

10. General questions She said: “Are you a good driver?” She asked me if
I was a good driver.
Past Simple
Present Simple
“Does your sister like jogging?”
She wanted to know if my sister
liked jogging.
“Will you come to the party?”
She wondered if
I would come to the party.
Future Simple
Future-in-the-Past
“Have you met before?”
She asked if
we had met before.
Present Perfect
Past Perfect

11. Wh-questions He asked: “What is the problem?” He asked
what the problem was.
Past Simple
Present Simple
He said:
“How did you get here tonight?”
He wanted to know how I had got
there that night.
Past Perfect
“What subjects do you like?”
He asked me
what subjects I liked.
“What are you doing now?”
He wondered
what I was doing then.
Present Continuous
Past Continuous
“Why is you cousin sad today?”
why my cousin was sad that day.

12. He says, “Did they write anything interesting?”
He asks if they wrote anything interesting.
She says to Gregory, “Where do you go every week?”
She asks where he goes every week.
He says, “Who likes pop music?”
He asks who likes pop music.
He said, “What time does the match start?”
He asked what time the match started.

13. Измените в вопросах обратный порядок слов на прямой.
I. When does he come home? – When he comes home.
II. Did he study English last year? – He studied English last year.
Why did she call?
Where has he been?
When will they arrive?
How long have you known him?
Where does your friend work?
When was he sick?
How much sugar is there in the bowl?
What was built in your street last year?
Why was he angry with Jane?
How far is it from here?
Will he be here tomorrow?
Have you seen this film?
Does he know this man?
Did the police warn you?
Will there be any tests next week?
Was he late?
Am I right?
Are they from England?
Was there any news from him?
Has he seen her this week?
Измените в вопросах обратный порядок слов на прямой.

14. “Where are you going to spend the holiday?” (Joy/Mary)
Complete the sentences as in the example. “What time does the match start please” (I/a policeman) I asked a policeman what time the match started.
“Where are you going to spend the holiday?” (Joy/Mary)
“Why are the tickets so expensive?” (Everybody/us)
“How old are Mary’s children?” (Frank/his wife)
“Who’s going to buy your house?” (Mrs Jones/ her neighbour)
“When are you planning to come to Colchester?” (Bill/his friend)
“Where can I get the bus to Liverpool?” (Peter/ a policeman)

15. Orders. Requests. “Give up fast food,” the doctor said.
The doctor advised her to give up fast food.
“Don’t be late!” said the teacher.
The teacher warned us not to be late.
My mother said to me, “Try to be flexible.”
My mother advised me to try to be flexible.
My best friend said, “Don’t decide what I should do. ”
My best friend told me not to decide what she should do.

16. He says to Jane, “Give me your hand, please.”
ask smb. + to – просить tell smb. + to – велеть
don’t  not to
He says to Jane, “Give me your hand, please.”
He asks Jane to give him her hand.
Nick says, “Mary, bring me some milk from the kitchen.”
Nick tells Mary to bring some milk from the kitchen.
They tell Lena, “Please don’t come home late”
They ask Lena not to come home late.
The teacher says to children: “Don’t open your books.”
The teacher tells the children not to open books.

17. To report suggestions we use:
suggest + V+ing
suggest + that sb (should) + V
Other reporting verbs used in this way are: insist, recommend, and demand.
I suggested going to the cinema. I suggested that we should go to the cinema. I suggested that we go to the cinema.

18. say to smb. + (that) + Subject + Verb + Objects tell smb.
Обратите внимание на глаголы, вводящие повествовательные предложения.
She admits that she was wrong. Она признает, что была неправа.
to admit – признавать
to promise – обещать
to complain – жаловаться
to remind – напоминать
to decide – решить
to reply – ответить
to deny – отрицать
to warn – предупредить
to explain – объяснять
to wonder – интересоваться
to offer – предлагать

19. Если в прямой речи было Present Simple или Present Continuous и при переводе в косвенную речь они были изменены на Past Simple или Past Continuous, то такие предложения следует переводить на русский язык глаголами в настоящем времени.
He said, “I know Mary”. – Он сказал: «Я знаю Мэри».
He said that he knew Mary. – Он сказал, что он знает Мэри.
She said, “They are having dinner.” –
Она сказала: «Они обедают».
She said that they were having dinner. –
Она сказала, что они обедают.