1. Section 1: The Colonial Period

2.   What year did the September 11 th attacks take place?  How old were you? Bellwork

3.   1.What was the first English settlement in America?  2. How many original colonies were there?  3. Where was the Mayflower Compact written/signed?  Prepare for the Notes Quiz !!!!!! Bellwork

4.  13 Colonies

5.   Magna Carta- The first written proclamation which required King John to accept that his rule was not absolute.  Gave certain rights to the people.  Thought to be the beginning of the idea of “Limited Government.”  Protected people from unjust punishment, loss of life, and taxes without popular consent, among other things. Limited Government

6.   In 1525, Charles I took the throne.  He wanted to be an absolute monarch.  Parliament didn’t like this, forced him to agree to the petition of right.  Petition of Right limited the monarch’s power in many ways, such as limiting his ability to collect taxes without parliament’s consent.  Charles & Parliament continued to fight/went to battle.  Parliament won, Charles was beheaded and the monarchy was restored. Petition of Right

7.   Although the Monarchy was restored, the same conflicts continued to arise between the king and parliament.  William III and Mary II became monarchs and recognized parliament as supreme and in 1689, the English Bill of Rights was passed.  Included ideas that we still use today. English Bill of Rights

8.   Sets clear limits on the monarch  Major Principles  Monarchs do not have absolute authority but rule with the consent of the people’s representatives.  Monarch must have consent to suspend laws, levy taxes, or maintain an army.  Monarch cannot interfere with Parliamentary elections/debates.  Right to fair and speedy trial  Protects against cruel and unusual punishments and excessive fines/bail. English Bill of Rights

9.   The English founded 13 colonies along the eastern coast of N. America between 1607 and 1733.  Each colony had it’s own government consisting of a legislature, governor, and court system.  Used Democratic ideas, but wasn’t a democracy by todays terms  People could have views heard.  Women and non-property owners could not vote. Colonial Governments

10.   Colonial Governments established practices that became a key part of the nation’s system of government:  Written constitution  Elected representatives  Separation of powers between the executive and legislative branches. Colonial Governments Continued

11.   Pilgrims signed in 1620.  Men of the Pilgrim families drew up the document aboard the Mayflower.  The first plan for self-government. Mayflower Compact

13.   The Colonists owed allegiance to the monarch and the British government.  To Britain, the American colonies only existed as an economic asset for Great Britain.  In actuality, Americans did as they pleased, given that the distance to Britain was over 3,000 miles.  Got used to governing themselves The Colonies on Their Own

14.   The colonists remained loyal because they needed protection from the French in Canada.  The British eventually went to war with the French in Canada and won, eliminating their presence in N. America. This meant that American colonists no longer needed British protection.  The real impact: Britain was left with a massive war debt. The Colonies on Their Own

15.   Britain felt that colonists were obligated to pay for the war.  The Stamp Act of 1765 imposed first direct tax on the colonists.  Taxed legal documents, pamphlets, newspaper, dice, playing cards, etc..  Political protests spread. Colonists refused to buy British goods. Taxing the Colonies

16.   Britain heard protests and repealed Stamp Act, but replaced it with other tax laws.  Boston Tea Party, 1773.  In response, Parliament passed the Coercive Acts, Also Called the Intolerable Acts, which withdrew the right of the Massachusetts colony to govern itself.  These events showed that revolution was not far off. Taxing (Cont)