1. Chapter 7 Review

2. #1 In 1790 most American did NOT expect the government to do which of these?
A monitor the economy and pay off the debt
B monitor and control trade of both imports and exports
C pass fair tax laws, help small businesses and not interfere in daily life
D institute the right to settle western lands

3. B monitor and control trade of both imports and exports

4. A procedure” B precursor” C policy” D precedent”
#2 The new federal government in America took actions that would set an example for the future. In Washington’s words, these exemplary actions “will serve to establish a
A procedure”
B precursor”
C policy”
D precedent”

5. D precedent”

6. #3 Which of the following issues did NOT divide Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson like many other issues would?
A how to address the national debt
B how to repay the value of bonds
C whether or not to move the capital
D whether or not to limit the federal government

7. C whether or not to move the capital

8. #4 The national debt can best be defined as the amount of money owed
A to the nation by the nation’s citizens and foreign countries
B by the nation to the foreign countries and the nation’s citizens
C to the federal government by individual states
D by the federal government to domestic debtors

9. B by the nation to the foreign countries and the nation’s citizens

10. #5 Alexander Hamilton stood for a loose reading of the Constitution, but Thomas Jefferson stood for
A flexible construction
B soft construction
C strict construction
D tight construction

11. C strict construction

12. #6 According to Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, what was the most serious flaw in Alexander Hamilton’s plan for a national bank?
A The federal government lacked the authority to create a national bank making the bank unconstitutional.
B Keeping the nation’s money in one place would create and unnecessary risk endangering the economy in case of foreign attack
C A national bank would put private money lenders out of business giving the federal government a monopoly on granting loans
D A national bank would rob the states of power, leading to friction between the states and the federal government.

13. A The federal government lacked the authority to create a national bank making the bank unconstitutional.

14. #7 Which of the following was NOT one of the reasons why Alexander Hamilton wanted a national bank for the United States?
A to secure the national economy
B to have the money to pay for a national health plan for all its citizens
C to provide for a place for the government to keep its money
D to make loans to businesses and citizens

15. B to have the money to pay for a national health plan for all its citizens

16. A contamination B competition C theft D boycott
#8 A “protective tariff” adds a tax to the price of imported goods to protect domestic products from foreign
A contamination
B competition
C theft
D boycott

17. B competition

18. A Boston B New York City C New Orleans D Washington D.C.
#9 Alexander Hamilton changed Southerners’ minds about paying war debt by convincing northern members of Congress to move the capital to where?
A Boston
B New York City
C New Orleans
D Washington D.C.

19. D Washington D.C.

20. #10 Alexander Hamilton’s vision of a robust economy depended on the contributions of business people and manufacturers but Thomas Jefferson's vision put greater emphasis on
A teachers and education
B farmers and agriculture
C merchants and small business
D doctors and healthcare

21. B farmers and agriculture

22. #11 George Washington’s statement that America would not take sides in disputes between warring European countries was called?
A the Swiss Pact
B the Neutrality Proclamation
C the Peace Treaty of 1793
D Pinckney’s Treaty

23. B the Neutrality Proclamation

24. #12 Why did some members of Congress criticize George Washington’s pronouncement about staying out of disputes between European Countries?
A They felt the president was overstepping the bounds of his authority and wanted to enforce the separation of powers.
B They felt there was a clear favorite in the disputes between France and Great Britain and wanted to express their sympathies.
C They felt it would be best for national security if the United States forged clear alliances with foreign countries.
D They felt that the president’s idea was sensible, but that the executive branch should have to answer to the legislative branch.

25. A They felt the president was overstepping the bounds of his authority and wanted to enforce the separation of powers.

26. #13 Why did Thomas Jefferson criticize the U.S. policy towards France?
A He disagreed with George Washington’s stand on foreign alliances because he believed the new U.S. should use its military power whenever it could
B He believed the U.S. owed France support because France had backed the U.S. during the Revolutionary War.
C He wanted to undermine Alexander Hamilton’s pro-British stance and reduce his rivals in influence on the president’s foreign policy
D He was eager to quit his position in George Washington’s cabinet and saw the French issue as a convenient excuse.

27. B He believed the U.S. owed France support because France had backed the U.S. during the Revolutionary War.

28. #14 Which statement best expresses George Washington’s attitude toward Jay’s Treaty?
A He did not like it but believed it was the most that could be done.
B He urged the Senate not to approve it in hopes of a better compromise.
C He felt it was the best possible solution to the British threat to U.S. neutrality.
D He was glad to pay off the country’s pre-Revolutionary debts to the British

29. A He did not like it but believed it was the most that could be done.

30. A France B Britain C Spain D Mexico
#15 Pinckney’s Treaty addressed American settlers’ disputes over the Florida border with which country?
A France
B Britain
C Spain
D Mexico

31. C Spain

32. #16 The greatest threat to American expansion into the Northwest Territories was
A diseases, such as smallpox and influenza, spread by American Indians
B American Indian tribes supplied with guns and ammunition by the British
C Americans’ inability to counter attacks on supply lines into the territories
D Americans’ inability to cope with harsh winter conditions and inadequate forts

33. B American Indian tribes supplied with guns and ammunition by the British

34. A esophagus B lungs C heart D bones
#17 On their march to the western frontier to fight the American Indians many of General Wayne’s troops were afflicted with influenza, a disease of the
A esophagus
B lungs
C heart
D bones

35. B lungs

36. #18 How did the Whiskey Rebellion end?
A Tax collectors tarred and feathered the rebels before Washington’s army arrived
B The rebels hid their stores of whiskey before Washington’s army arrived.
C Most of the rebels fled before Washington’s army arrived.
D Most of the rebels formed a militia and battled Washington’s Army.

37. C Most of the rebels fled before Washington’s army arrived.

38. #19 President Washington personally led the militia against the westerners in the Whiskey Rebellion because ?
A he felt individual farmers should have to pay off the national debt trough taxes
B he felt the federal government was owed taxes for providing settlers with protection and opportunities for trade
C he felt people needed to understand the Constitutional right of Congress to institute tax laws
D he felt the rebellion might spark similar incidents of violence

39. C he felt people needed to understand the Constitutional right of Congress to institute tax laws

40. #20 In George Washington’s farewell address, he did NOT warn against which of the following dangers?
A making foreign alliances
B burdening future generations with debt
C increasing political conflicts at home
D maintaining the institution of slavery

41. D maintaining the institution of slavery

42. #21 Which of these slogans might a Federalist have shouted at a party rally?
A Central Government over All!
B States Rule!
C Power to the People!
D Jefferson for President!

43. A Central Government over All

44. #22 The presidential election of 1796 differed from prior American elections because there were what?
A conventions.
B debates.
C multiple candidates.
D Democrats and Republicans.

45. C multiple candidates.

46. #23 The first political party division in the United States was between who?
A Democrats and Republicans
B Liberal and Conservatives
C Democrat-Republicans and Federalist
D Federalist and Royalist

47. C Democrat-Republicans and Federalist

48. #24 How was a vice president chosen in 1796?
A He ran alongside the presidential candidate
B He was elected by popular vote
C He was the presidential candidate who came in second
D He was appointed by the president-elect

49. C He was the presidential candidate who came in second

50. #25 Who became vice president as a result of the 1796 election?
A Jefferson
B Adams
C Madison
D Hamilton

51. A Jefferson

52. A industry B trade C federal government power D state government power
#26 Alexander Hamilton helped found the Federalist Party, which wanted to limit what?
A industry
B trade
C federal government power
D state government power

53. D state government power

54. A speech B press C expression D religion
#27 The Republicans took control from the Federalist in 1800 as a result of popular distaste for the Alien and Sedition Acts, which limited all EXECPT which of the following freedom?
A speech
B press
C expression
D religion

55. D religion

56. #28 The Alien and Sedition Acts were supported by the Federalist as a way to
A protect the country from Republican critics
B limit the government power over foreigners and criticize the government
C imprison foreigners and journalist
D punish French speakers

57. A protect the country from Republican critics

58. #29 Republicans’ main criticism of the Alien and Seditions Acts was that they
A gave too much power to the national government and interfered with state government
B took too many rights, such as freedom of speech, away from foreigners
C went against the American policy of neutrality
D forced the press to publish falsehoods

59. A gave too much power to the national government and interfered with state government

60. A TGIF Talks B ABC Incident C RST Event D XYZ Affair
#30 During the presidency of John Adams, three French agents would discuss a treaty with the U.S. only in exchange for a bribe. The incident came to be known as the
A TGIF Talks
B ABC Incident
C RST Event
D XYZ Affair

61. D XYZ Affair

62. #31 Which best describes President John Adams’s attitude toward going to war with France?
A He was eager to go to war despite the cost.
B He wanted war, but would not declare it without congressional approval.
C He thought war might be unavoidable and gave up hope for a treaty.
D He refused to go to war despite protests by members of his own party.

63. D He refused to go to war despite protests by members of his own party.

64. #32 The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions were put forward by which leaders?
A Hamilton and Madison
B Jefferson and Madison
C Adams and Jefferson
D Adams and Hamilton

65. B Jefferson and Madison

66. #33 “Loose construction” is best defined as
A the idea that the parts of the Constitution need not be interpreted in the context of the whole.
B the interpretation that says the federal government can take reasonable actions in special cases as long as they are not specifically forbidden by the Constitution.
C the notion that there is an elasticity to the Constitution that allows politicians to stretch it in order to deal with any new situation.
D the position that says the Constitution allows only necessary means to deal with new situations and should not be stretched merely because politicians find it convenient.

67. B the interpretation that says the federal government can take reasonable actions in special cases as long as they are not specifically forbidden by the Constitution.

68. #34 The Judiciary Act of 1789 was passed by President George Washington to set up a system of federal courts because he believed that
A the stability and success of the national government depends on the interpretation and execution of its laws by an independent judicial branch.
B the problems of crime and violence caused by a growing population could be prevented by extending the reach of the judicial branch.
C with the executive and legislative branches securely in place, the judiciary branch was the last piece needed to complete the puzzle of a new government.
D when cases of constitutional interpretation arose the executive and legislative branches would not have time to make good judgments.

69. A the stability and success of the national government depends on the interpretation and execution of its laws by an independent judicial branch.

70. #35 What is the Electoral College?
A a body of delegates from each state that casts the deciding votes for president
B a school for the advanced study of voting practices and political campaigning
C a group of voters hand-picked for cabinet positions by the president-elect
D a name given to all voters who cast ballots in presidential elections

71. A a body of delegates from each state that casts the deciding votes for president

72. #36 Which statement best answers the question of whether or not there were political divisions in America in 1789?
A The fact that George Washington was selected unanimously showed that there were probably no political divisions.
B Public debates over who would serve in George Washington’s cabinet showed that tension surrounded political appointments.
C George Washington’s passage of the Judiciary Act of 1789 showed that the greatest struggle was between presidential and legislative authority.
D The splitting of the executive branch into departments showed that social issues divided the country.

73. A The fact that George Washington was selected unanimously showed that there were probably no political divisions.

74. #37 What is one way that Abigail Adams and Judith Sargent Murray were different from Martha Washington?
A Martha Washington strongly supported the idea of Republican Motherhood
B They believed that it was up to the men in the family to raise children to be good citizens.
C They wanted women to play a more important role in the new nation than Martha Washington did.
D They believed that the First Lady should just entertain guests and attend social functions.

75. C They wanted women to play a more important role in the new nation than Martha Washington did.

76. A national policy B foreign policy C economic policy D tax policy
#38 In general, Congress created departments in the executive branch to address what type of policy?
A national policy
B foreign policy
C economic policy
D tax policy

77. A national policy

78. #39 In 1790, how did Americans feel about the future of their new government?
A Their expectations were high because they trusted their leaders to protect their economic and security interests.
B They were uncertain because they had experienced only monarchy and didn’t know whether the democratic experiment would succeed.
C Their expectations were low because they questioned the president’s honesty and disliked the First Lady.
D They worried because they knew the nation was deep in debt from the Revolutionary War.

79. A Their expectations were high because they trusted their leaders to protect their economic and security interests.

80. #40 Which statement best characterizes American farmers in 1790?
A They were independent people who didn’t want government interfering in their daily lives.
B They were civic-minded people who took every opportunity to organize and participate in community events.
C They were hard working and generous people who wanted to have their tax money distributed to those less fortunate.
D They were extremely competitive people and refused to accept any law designed to protect them from foreign rivals.

81. A They were independent people who didn’t want government interfering in their daily lives.

82. #41 Why did Alexander Hamilton take measures to limit the national bank’s power?
A He believed in strict construction of the Constitution and didn't believe in the bank.
B He did not want to create a banking monopoly that lasted indefinitely.
C He was not a Federalist.
D He believed in states’ rights, and wanted the states to have banks of their own.

83. B He did not want to create a banking monopoly that lasted indefinitely.

84. # 42 According to George Washington’s Farewell Address, what was the key to national success?
A political unity
B neutrality in foreign policy
C economic security
D checks and balances

85. A political unity