1. English Colonization
Part II

2. The Original Thirteen Colonies

3. The New England Colonies
Includes Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire & Connecticut

4. Plymouth Colony First of the New England Colonies
Why is called New England?
102 pilgrims came on the Mayflower for different reasons
What is a pilgrim & what are they seeking in America?
A pilgrim is a person who goes on a religious journey
They are seeking religious freedom

5. Plymouth Colony What do you know about a Pilgrim’s appearance?
Why would they dress like that?
The pilgrims built a colony on the tip of Cape Cod & celebrated the first Thanksgiving in 1621.
Was the first Thanksgiving similar to our traditional Thanksgiving?

6. Plymouth Colony
William Bradford became the Plymouth’s best governor, but it was later absorbed by the Massachusetts Bay Colony

7. Massachusetts Bay Colony (1629)
Built by the Puritans who wanted to purify the Church of England
Founders were John Winthrop & Sir Richard Saltonstall
What is the capital of the Colony?
Life of the Puritans was strictly controlled in Salem, which may have resulted in the witchcraft trials of the 1690s

8. Rhode Island Colony (1634-1636)
Roger Williams challenged Puritan policies in the Mass. Bay Colony
Williams was banished from the colony & started his own called Providence in Narragansett Bay
What does Providence mean?
Providence means heaven
Anne Hutchinson also questioned Puritan beliefs & built the colony called Portsmouth
Providence & Portsmouth joined to form Rhode Island (1644)

9. Connecticut Colony (1635)
The Reverend Thomas Hooker & Puritan followers took control of the Hartford Valley for farmland & trade
The settlers claimed the land in the Pequot Wars ( )
They developed a plan of government called The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, which was the first constitution in America
Connecticut became an official colony in 1662

10. Includes New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, & Delaware
The Middle Colonies
Includes New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, & Delaware

11. New York Colony ( )
The Dutch built a colony on Manhattan Island called New Netherland & named their capital New Amsterdam (1629)
The Island was purchased by the Dutch from the local Indians for the equivalent of $26.
Patrons were given large tracts of land to farm
Peter Stuyvesant was the last Dutch governor

12. New York Colony ( )
The Swedes built a colony called New Sweden (1638)
Events leading to an English takeover:
The Dutch defeated the Swedes (1655)
After defeating the Dutch in a war, England took New Netherland without a fight
King Charles II granted New Netherland to his brother James, the Duke of York, which he renamed New York (1664)

13. New Jersey Colony (1664)
James, the Duke of York, gave land between the Hudson & Delaware Rivers to his friends Lord John Berkeley & Sir George Carteret
New Jersey became a royal colony in 1702

14. Pennsylvania Colony (1681)
William Penn, a member of the Society of Friends or Quakers, made good on a debt owed to his father & was made proprietor of land he named Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania became a colony that offered free land & religious freedom

15. Delaware Colony (1682)
Penn complained that he did not have access to a seaport, because Pennsylvania was landlocked
King Charles II granted him an area of land called “the lower counties”, which later became known as Delaware

16. Includes Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, & Georgia
The Southern Colonies
Includes Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, & Georgia

17. Maryland Colony (1634)
George Calvert was given part of Virginia as a refuge for Roman Catholics
Convicts, indentured servants, & slaves were brought to work on plantations, growing corn & tobacco
The Act of Toleration granted religious freedom to all Catholics in Maryland
Why is the colony called Maryland?

18. Carolina Colony (1661)
A group of investors established this colony to grow wine grapes, olives, & silkworms, but rice became the major crop
The charter was granted by King Charles II
South Carolina became a royal colony in 1719
North Carolina became a royal colony in 1729

19. Georgia Colony (1733)
Georgia was established by James Oglethorpe to alleviate the overcrowding of England’s debtor’s prisons
Georgia was named after George II, the King of England at the time the charter was granted
Three reasons the colony was established:
An opportunity for the poor to begin their lives over again
A refuge for persecuted protestants
A military barrier between the Carolinas & Spanish Florida