1. WWII
“This nation will remain a neutral nation, but I cannot ask that every American remain neutral in thought as well.” FDR, 1939 1

2. Dictators Threaten World Peace
Mussolini, Dictator of Italy. Extreme Nationalism, and Militaristic.
Hitler, Germany. Extreme Racism and militaristic. Nazi Party.
Stalin, Soviet Union, Communist, Revolution by workers.
Japan, Military Leaders. 2

3. Reasons for Rise of Dictatorships
Economic Turmoil: World wide depression, Germany paying war reparations
Sagging National Spirit: Restore past glories

4. Italy Individual had no rights. Only the “state” is important
Restore past glory of Rome
Gain overseas colonies: attacked Ethiopia 1935

5. Russia Aimed to be an industrial giant.
Initiated the “Great Purge” 3 million political opponents removed.
Stopped political, religious, and human rights.
Wanted communism to spread

6. Japan Military groups in 1920’s Revive Samurai Code-Glorify Warriors
Engage in naval armament race with Great Britain
Look to expand, and gain raw materials for industry
Looks at the U.S. as the chief rival of the U.S.

7. Germany Created the National Socialist Party: Nazis
Hitler: Tremendous motivator of the masses
Restore national pride
Promised order out of chaos.
Germany’s problems blamed on the Jews, International Bankers, Communists, Old German Leaders, and nations who signed the Treaty of Versailles

8. Hitler
Wrote “Mein Kampf” in jail and plans a new German Empire (Reich) that would last 100 years.
Belief that Germans are the master race and all other races such as Jews, Slavs were inferior and less than human.
Final Solution: Exterminate Jews from the earth.
Dictatorship was the only form of government that would work. Give power to the strong.

9. Members of the Nazi Hierarchy
Herman Goerring: Leader of Luftwaffe, old-time friend of Hitler
Heinrich Himmler: Head of Nazi SS, in charge of dealing with the final solution
Joseph Goebels: Minister of Propaganda, kept final solution a secret.
Rudolph Hess: Head of Gestapo (Secret Police)

10. Minister of Propaganda

12. Hitler’s Goals/Movement Towards War
Restore National Pride
Regain lost territory
Gain living space
Destroy Bolshevism
Purify Europe: Final Solution

13. German Territorial Acquisitions
1936: Germany marches into Rhineland. Mussolini and Hitler signs Rome-Berlin Axis
1938: German marches into Austria to quiet civil disorder, next day Austria is declared part of Germany
Hitler demands Czechoslovakia to evacuate the Sudentland. Policy of appeasement is at its highest, Sudentland is signed over.

14. Germany can’t achieve goals
England has radar
German planes too far to fly no escort
Do not stick to original plan of eliminating RAF

15. U.S. Increases involvement
Involvement with lend-lease program
FDR worries allies will run out of money
Becomes arsenal of democracy
7 billion $ for ships, planes, tanks

16. Amer. Involvement American warships begin convoy duty
Atlantic charter August 1941 Roosevelt meets with Churchill to discuss the post war world.
Countries have the right to determine their own government.
Japan sees America as a sleeping giant, U.S. will enter war after the attack on Pearl Harbor.

17. Benito Mussolini 3

18. Joseph Stalin 4

19. Nazi Propaganda 6

20. 7

21. 8

22. 9

23. “I have seen war, and I hate war.” FDR10