1. Civil War
North vs. South

2. First Conflict
April 1861: Confederate (South) capture Fort Sumter at Charleston, S.C.
Anaconda Plan: Union (North) leaders set up a blockade of Southern ports to hurt trade in the South.
Blockade: enemy troops shut off a place to keep people and supplies from moving in or out

3. April 1862: Union troops land on Tybee and capture Ft. Pulaski
This made is hard for Savannah to trade with other countries. They were unable to sell cotton or import goods.
Blockade runners were sometimes able to sneak in and out of ports to get supplies from England

4. Robert E. Lee moved the Southern army north into Maryland to attack and find needed supplies
Lee wanted to end with a big victory that would discourage the North. First battle on northern soil
He hoped it would encourage European countries to help them
Battle of Antietam

5. Battle of Antietam Sept. 17, 1862 Took place near Sharpsburg, Maryland
Over 26,000 men were killed, injured, or went missing
Bloodiest battle of the war
Union Victory

6. Emancipation Proclamation Jan 1, 1863
President Abraham Lincoln issued an order that freed slaves in all seceded states, declaring an end to slavery
Did not end slavery in the slave states that stayed in the Union (MO, KY, DE, MD)

7. Emancipation Proclamation
Kept European countries that abolished slavery from supporting the South
Helped recruit African- Americans into the North’s Army

8. Battle of Gettysburg Jul 1 – 3 1863 Pennsylvania
Last battle on Northern soil
Union Victory
Lincoln later made the Gettysburg Address here
Battle of Gettysburg

9. Battle of Gettysburg
Lee sent General George Pickett’s Calvary to attack the center; Union was waiting
Union controlled high ground
Confederate-28,000
Union-23,000

10. Battle of Chickamauga September 1863
Chattanooga was major railroad center
Union troops were driven back to Chattanooga; Confederates did not follow-up on their victory
Union reinforcements later recaptured Chattanooga
Battle of Chickamauga

11. Battle of Chickamauga Indians fought with Union Fought in Georgia
Confederate Victory

12. Battle of Chattanooga November 23-25, 1863
After losing Chickamauga, Union troops go to Chattanooga, Tennessee
South cut off their supplies
Grant demands that the Union troops not surrender
More Union troops later arrive to help
Union Victory
Battle of Chattanooga

13. Atlanta Campaign
Late Spring/Early Summer 1864: Sherman’s Union Army fought their way south into Georgia
Confederates continued to retreat further southward into Georgia
June 1864: Sherman attacked Johnston at Kennesaw Mountain; Sherman lost but continued toward Atlanta

14. Atlanta Campaign: Union troops move into Atlanta.
Structures
Confederate General Hood ordered all military and railroad equipment destroyed when his troops fled the city ahead of Sherman
Sherman ordered all major buildings destroyed
Remaining citizens
Sherman required all 1600 men, women & children leave the city
Set up camp south of the city

15. March to the Sea
Sherman splits his army in two and continues his March to the Sea.
Grant and Lincoln disapproved
Sherman’s plan met marching without supplies
Field Order 120- Soldiers were to live off the land

16. March to the Sea
Sherman’s Union army destroys everything in its 300 mile path
During a two-month period a sixty mile-wide area is burned, destroyed, and ruined
Estimated losses over $100 million
Captured Savannah in December Said it was a Christmas present to President Lincoln.
Loaded and shipped $28 million worth of cotton to the North

17. Andersonville Prison
was overcrowded, and offered poor food, contaminated water, and poor sanitation
13,700 Union soldiers are buried there
Captain Henry Wirtz, Andersonville Prison commander, was later hanged for “excessive cruelty”

18. End of the Civil War
January 13, 1865: Fort in North Carolina captured; the last Confederate blockade-running port
General Robert E. Lee’s Army cannot defeat Union General U.S. Grant; he surrenders his army at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865