1. Introduction to the Colonies
7th Grade American History

2. The New England Colonies
1. Massachusetts
(Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay)
2. Connecticut
3. New Hampshire
4. Rhode Island

3. The New England Colonies
Culture:
Lived in organized towns
Center of town was a meeting house
Everyone should read so that they could read the Bible!
Education was very important
Geography:
Cold weather
Harsh Climate and poor soil
Harbors/ sea ports on the water for trade
Economy:
Very Diverse- lots of different ways to make money!
Everyone was required to work (men, women and children)
Farming was main economic activity
Other important economic activities:
mills, fishermen, or shipbuilders because of the plentiful forests and timber available

4. New England Colonies Important Figures and Groups:
Religious Freedom in Massachusetts:
Protestants ( followers of the Anglican Church)
Massachusetts Bay:
Puritans wanted to change or reform the church; followed the pilgrims…
Plymouth:
Pilgrims wanted to break away from it altogether and form a new church
Their ship was called the Mayflower
Their leader was William Bradford
John Winthrop
Anne Hutchinson
Squanto and Samoset

5. The Middle Colonies
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware

6. The Middle Colonies Geography
Had better soil and milder climate than the New England colonies
They grew large quantities of crops known as cash crops.
Culture
Many ethnic groups and many religious groups
Religious freedom was VERY important to them
Education was respected but not a priority
Economy
Cash crops are crops that could be sold in all colonies and overseas.
Diversity in jobs (carpentry, flour making, lumber, & mining.)

7. The Middle Colonies Important Figures and People
William Penn- given land by King Charles and called his land Pennsylvania
The Dutch- New Amsterdam (aka New York)
The Quakers- Religious group in Pennsylvania.

8. The Middle Colonies
William Penn belonged to a Protestant group called the Society of Friends, or Quakers.
The Quakers believed that people had an “inner light” and that everyone was equal in God’s eyes
The Quakers were tolerant of the views of others religions.
William Penn personally designed Philadelphia, the “city of brotherly love,” based on the Quakers beliefs.

9. The Southern Colonies Maryland Virginia South Carolina North Carolina
Georgia

10. The Southern Colonies Geography: Economy
Rich soil and warm climate made the southern colonies perfect for farming.
Tobacco, indigo, and rice
Economy
Limited economy that was based on agriculture and had no need for commerce or industry
Main cash crops were tobacco and rice
Indentured Servants

11. The Southern Colonies Culture: Important Figures:
Two main social classes: the rich upper class and the lower class.
Limited education with out many schools
Important Figures:
John Smith
Pocahontas
John Rolfe
Catholics

12. Monday, August 25

13. Do NOW!
Go directly to your seat, take out your binder, and open to the Bellringer sention.

14. What do you think is happening in the picture?
How would you describe the emotions seen in the picture?
Come up with one sentence you would use as a caption for this picture.

15. Establishing a Colony Colonists were still ruled by England
For each colony, the King of England issued a charter
A charter was a formal document that outlined the geographic boundaries for each colony and specified how they would be governed
Distance made direct rule difficult

16. Rights of the Colonists
As time went on, colonies gained more freedoms
Each colony was ruled by a governor in America, some even elected
Colonists held town meetings to talk about and decide local issues of interest
English monarch, King James II, passed laws to unite New England colonies under one dominion and limit the powers of the colonists; very unpopular!
King James II replaced!
English Bill of Rights passed in 1689
Colonial courts established to rule people and protect personal freedoms

17. English Trade Triangular trade
England valued colonies as a source of trade.
England practiced Mercantilism
A system of creating and maintaining wealth through carefully controlled trade
English control angered some colonists
Triangular trade

18. Navigation Acts
England passed series of Navigation Acts to limit colonial trade with other countries
Example: the Navigation Act of 1660
Forbade colonists from trading specific items with any country other than England
Required colonists to use English ships to transport goods
England said they were good for colonies

19. Quick Quiz

20. Document Based Questions
In the first part of the passage, what are some similarities and differences Smith lists about the Jamestown and England?
How did the tone of John Smith’s Tale change after the colonists’ largest ship left Jamestown to sail back to England?
According to the passage, how would you describe the relationship between the settlers and the Native Americans?
After being elected to rule Jamestown, John Smith made the rule: “He that will not work shall not eat.” What do you think this rule says about life in the colonies at this time?