1. AMERICA AS A WORLD POWER Chapter 18.4

3. Teddy Roosevelt and the World Roosevelt the Peacemaker  1904 Russia and Japan were both imperialist powers and competing for control of Korea. 1905 – Roosevelt mediates between Japan and Russia. Panama Canal  First canal was proposed through Nicaragua.  French tried to go though Panama first in the early 1800’s  They failed and sold the rights the United States in 1903  Before starting work on the canal the USA had to get permission from Columbia, but negotiations broke down

4. Teddy Roosevelt and the World Rebellion in Panama. The US helps and Panama wins. The US pays Panama 10 million for the rights and 250,000 dollars a year rent. Construction of the Canal  One of the worlds greatest engineering feats  Builders fought disease, swamps, mountains, and soft volcanic soil  1913 – Almost 44,000 Workers  August 15, 1914 – canal opens for business

5. Teddy Roosevelt and the World Roosevelt Corollary  Monroe Doctrine – demands that European nations stay out of the affairs of Latin America  Roosevelt Corollary was added to the Monroe Doctrine – Said the United States would now use force to protect its economic interests in Latin America Dollar Diplomacy  Policy of using the U.S. government to guarantee loans made to foreign countries by American business people.

6. Woodrow Wilson’s Missionary Diplomacy Wilson also added to the Monroe Doctrine – “Mission Diplomacy” Moral responsibility Mexican Revolution  Mexico was ruled three decades by a military dictator Porfirio Diaz  1911 – Diaz was overthrown and turmoil continued Intervention in Mexico  1914 US gets involved in Mexican Revolution  US invades and occupies Veracruz (Important Mexican Port)  US and Mexico came close to war

7. Woodrow Wilson’s Missionary Diplomacy Rebellion in Mexico  Carranza was in charge but did not have the support of all Mexicans.  Rebels Francisco “Pancho” Villa and Emiliano Zapata opposed Carranza’s provisional government.  Wilson recognized Carranza’s government.  1916 – Carranza invited American engineers to operate mines in northern Mexico.  Before the US reached the mines Villa’s men took the Americans off a train and shot them.  Villas men also raided Columbus, New Mexico and killed 17 Americans

8. Woodrow Wilson’s Missionary Diplomacy Chasing Villa  John J. Pershing and 15,000 soldiers into Mexico to capture Villa dead or alive.  Villa alluded Pershing for a year  Mexicans grew angry over the U.S. invasion of their land.  1916 U.S. Troops clashed with Carranza’s army resulting in deaths on both sides.  Carranza demanded the withdrawal of U.S. troops but Wilson refused. War seemed imminent, although, both sides backed down  War was happening in Europe and the US couldn’t afford to fight a war with Mexico. Pershing and army returned home.