1. U.S. History and Geography
IB/Honors

2. Review
This should all be review of what you learned last year so it will be quick.
America’s founding
Revolution and establishment of new government
Westward expansion, precedent setting, and struggle with slavery.
Civil War and Reconstruction

3. Topic 1: Two Worlds Meet
The push West and issues with Native Americans
Innovations as a result of Industrialization
Resources and Railroads: How America became an Industrial Power

4. The Push West Why do people move? Push Factors Pull Factors
Not enough land
Stagnation (Life was not improving)
Pull Factors
Resources
Government incentive (Homestead Act)

5. The Push West Lure of Resources (not limited to wealthy) Silver Gold
Land (“unsettled”)
Natives lived on this land, however believed that no man could own land.

6. The Push West Issues arise with Natives
Natives have no boundaries
Gov’t wanted to establish treaties
Chiefs did not always represent tribe-loose organization.
Due to issues, conflict arose between US and Natives

7. The Push West Massacre at Sand Creek
Natives told to live in Sand Creek so no harm would come to them. However, a US General decided that the Natives must suffer to understand that they are subservient and to get revenge for past violence. 200 Natives killed, mostly women and children.

8. The Push West

9. The Push West
Bozeman Trail: A major transportation route which cut through a prime hunting area for Natives.
Diplomacy failed
Deaths along trail
Treaty of Laramie: Settled Sioux on reservation in exchange for protection and supplies
Attacks continued anyway

10. The Push West Battling continues Raids by Kiowa and Comanche
US responds by hunting down tribes
Gold Rush out West
US citizens head to find gold; government decides to send Col. George Custer to report back.
Custer reports gold and the rush begins.
When government attempts to buy land with gold from Natives and they refuse, the stage is set for war.

11. The Push West “Indian Wars”
Sitting Bull, Chief and war leader of the Cheyenne and Sioux saw vision of military victory over American soldiers.
Custer led troops to Little Big Horn river-Custer’s Last Stand-Flaws
Scouts under reported Native forces
Exhaustion
Custer split up his men
Result: Custer 200 men v. Crazy Horse 2,000 to 3,000 men; Custer and US lost

12. Battle of Little Big Horn

13. The Push West
As a result of Custer’s defeat, the public was shocked and angered. They demanded revenge.
US forces continued to raid Native camps and kill off their main food source, the Buffalo.

14. The Push West Battle of Wounded Knee
The Sioux on the Dakota reservation performed a Ghost dance.
The excitement for the dance alarmed the military leaders on the reservation.
This resulted in the death of Sitting Bull and 350 unarmed Natives.
This effectively brought an end to the “Indian Wars”

15. The Push West Assimilation of Native Americans Dawes Act
Attempt to have Native Americans adopt the culture and beliefs of the American public.
Dawes Act
The “Americanization” of Native Americans by breaking up reservation land and giving some to the adult males of tribes. (Private Property) The rest was to be sold and the profit given back to the Native Americans, however, they would end up receiving nothing.

16. The Push West
In the end, Native Americans lost their people, land, and resources including the most sacred of which, the buffalo.
Americans now reached to the Pacific Ocean and nearly everywhere in between as they expanded their power and enriched their wealth. This new found wealth would increase the ability to afford and invent new technology.