1. Introduction to the Colonies
a territory under the immediate political control of a state, distinct from the home territory of the sovereign

2. Jamestown The first enduring English settlement - 1607
When the colonists first arrived they had many problems in what is known as the starvation period.
War with Indians
Disease
Starvation
The colony was saved when John Rolfe and John Smith introduced tobacco to the colony.

3. Virginia
The Jamestown colony developed into what is current day Virginia.
Establishment of The House of Burgesses
The first representative democracy
They borrowed these ideas from Enlightenment philosophers

4. Other Southern Colonies
The Carolinas (North & South)
Maryland
Georgia
These colonies:
Relied on PLANTATION farming
Plantation: a large farm dedicated to planting a few crops on a large scale
This meant few towns and cities
Large amounts of slaves
Anglican & Baptists (Maryland had Catholics!)
Usually liked the king

5. Southern Society Great Planters Small Farmers Landless Whites
There was a strict social hierarchy in the south. Women were also considered to be 2nd class citizens.
Great Planters
Small Farmers
Landless Whites
Indentured
Black Slaves

6. Plymouth & Massachusetts Bay Founded so the Puritans could practice their religion - 1620
The Puritans wanted to create perfect, moral societies
Established the Mayflower Compact
The first direct democracy
They borrowed this idea from the Enlightenment Philosophers

7. New England Colonies
The Puritans settled other colonies to create a region called New England, it contained:
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
New Hampshire
These colonies:
Had a cold climate that prevented farming
Produced lumber, fished, built ships & traded

8. New England Society No plantations  not as much slavery
More industry  building cities
More focus on education and family
Harvard, Princeton, Yale
Women were still not equal to men
1692 – The Salem Witch Trials
Young girls were accused of being witches
Led to hysteria and several executions

9. Middle Colonies
These colonies were first settled by the Dutch. They started to have problems with the Native American so they sold their land to the English.
Delaware
Pennsylvania
New York
New Jersey
These colonies:
Trade oriented
Religious freedom
Got along with natives because they weren’t taking land.

10. Differences in Religion
Some colonies did not follow the same ideas as their region!
Maryland (Lord Baltimore)
Allowed Catholics
Pennsylvania (William Penn)
Philadelphia = “The city of Brotherly Love”
The Quakers were very tolerant to others and kind to the Natives
Rhode Island (Roger Williams)
Allowed all types of Protestants

11. Slavery in America
Early on, colonists used indentured servants, or people who came to America and worked to pay off their passage.
In 1676 indentured rebelled in Bacon’s Rebellion
This led to an increase in African slaves
Remember, the slaves were brought over through the Middle Passage.
Slaves still had some of their own culture through religion and dance

12. Problems with Native Americans
Things started off well between the English and Natives.
There really did was a Thanksgiving dinner! Squanto really did exist!
After awhile, the English continued to take land from the Indians which resulted in some violence.
In the Pequot war an Indian village was burnt down after colonist women were kidnapped.
In King Phillip's War the colonists posted the Native leader's head on a stake.

13. The FIRST Great Awakening
With a lot of new political & secular ideas in the colonies some people started to leave religion.
To try and gain more attendance at church preachers began to tour around the colonies in groups called revivals.
Jonathan Edwards
George Whitefield
Even though this was church related it gave people the freedom to make choices! This, just like the Enlightenment, will change the way Americans think about their rights.

14. Mercantilism & Salutary Neglect

15. What is Mercantilism?
What you can charge for goods and where you can sell goods is controlled by the government.
1. The government only wants to export goods.
Remember, if you are exporting, you are selling things, which means you are making...

16. Mercantilism contd.
2. The colonies will send all of their raw materials to the mother country (England!).
= 
3. In the mother country, the raw materials will be turned into a different, more expensive, finished product

17. Mercantilism contd.
4. The finished project can now be sold BACK to the colonies or to other locations for profit.
England-->

18. One More Time!

19. Salutary Neglect
The British policy of loose enforcement of trade on the colonies.
The British let the Americas do what they wanted!