1. AGENDA Objective: DO NOW: Comprehension Passage Play-dough Activity
Understand the goals and objectives of the different plans of reconstruction put forth by President Lincoln, President Johnson, and the "Radicals" in Congress.
DO NOW: Comprehension Passage
Play-dough Activity
Reconstruction: Guided-Notes
Reconstruction Plan Activity

2. Play-dough Activity Directions: Discussion Questions:
Phase 1: Create a sculpture out of your play-dough
Phase 2: The sculpture is destroyed or torn apart
Phase 3: Recreate your sculpture
Discussion Questions:
Were you able to recreate your sculpture exactly as it was originally?
Was it harder to create the sculpture the 1st or 2nd time?
How does this activity relate to Reconstruction?

3. Reconstruction Era (1867-1877)
Reconstruction: refers to the period following the Civil War when the southern states were rebuilt and new political gains emerged for African Americans.

4. Problems following the Civil War
Northern States
Lost largest number of soldiers
Factories closed
Government canceled work orders
Returning soldiers needed jobs
Southern States
Cities in ruins
Money worthless
Bitter feeling
Bridges and Railroad destroyed
Farmland was burned
Lost political influence

5. Ruins in Richmond Ruins of Haxall's Flour Mill in Richmond, Virginia
Ruins in Richmond Ruins of Haxall's Flour Mill in Richmond, Virginia. When Union forces entered the Confederate capital on April 3, 1865, they found much of the city destroyed by fire.

6. Savannah house destroyed by Union soldiers

7. Plans for Reconstruction
Three plans had emerged at the conclusion of the Civil War to help rebuild the southern states:
Lincoln’s Plan
(Ten Percent)
Johnson’s Plan
Radical Republicans
(Congressional Reconstruction Act of 1867)

8. Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan
Goal:
achieve a complete and unified Union
peaceful nation instead of a fighting one
Main Ideas:
(1) all southerners, except high-ranking Confederate political and military officials, would be pardoned and regain citizenship when they took an oath to support the Constitution and the emancipation of slaves
(2) when ten percent of the voters in a state took this oath they could establish a legal government that would be recognized by the President
* Wanted to take it easy on southern states
* Battled with Congress

9. Assassination of President Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln would never see his plan take action:
On the evening of April 14, 1865, while attending a special performance of the comedy, "Our American Cousin,“ at Ford’s Theater, President Abraham Lincoln was shot
The assassin, John Wilkes Booth, a disgruntled actor

10. Johnson’s Plan
Vice President Andrew Johnson became President following Abraham Lincoln’s assassination
Agreed with Lincoln’s Plan, however Johnson’s Plan was stricter
Ideas:
Pardons would be granted to those taking a loyalty of oath to uphold the Constitution
No pardons would be available to high Confederate officials
A state needed to abolish slavery before being readmitted
A state was required to repeal its secession ordinance before being readmitted.

11. Impeachment of President Andrew Johnson
Congress wanted harsher terms for Reconstruction
President Andrew Johnson disagreed with congressional views on Reconstruction
Congress determined that President Andrew Johnson had violated the recent Tenure of Office Act and prompted the Republican-controlled House to impeach the president
The Senate fell short of their impeachment process by one vote, however Johnson’s political influence was gone

12. Radical Republicans Congressional Military Reconstruction Act of 1867
Ideas:
Organized the south into five military districts
The states had to have a military leader from the north
No state could return to civilian rule and be readmitted to the Union until white and black voters framed a constitution that guaranteed suffrage to African Americans and ratified the Fourteenth Amendment.
Act banned confederate leaders from voting, and any who didn't pledge their allegiance to the U.S.

13. Five Military Districts

14. JIM CROW LAWS
Any law passed with the intention of keeping Blacks and Whites segregated
1830- first law passed in Massachusetts which allowed railroad companies to segregate train cars

15. Jim Crow Laws Poll Tax – Must pay to vote.
Literacy Test – Must pass a test to vote.
Grandfather Clause – If your grandfather could not vote then you can not.

16. Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal in the United States
Plessy v Ferguson
Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal in the United States
“separate-but-equal”

17. Booker T Washington
Born as a slave in 1856
studied at Hampton University 1872
Founded Tuskegee Institute in 1881

18. First African American to earn PhD from Harvard
W.E.B.DuBois
First African American to earn PhD from Harvard
Founded Niagara Movement

19. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
N.A.A.C.P.
Fought for the rights of African Americans