1. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
UNIT 7: STI PREVENTION
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS

2. STI SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS OR DISEASES
BACTERIA, VIRUSES, PARASITES THAT ARE TRANSMITTED FROM PERSON TO PERSON THROUGH SEXUAL CONTACT OR SKIN TO SKIN CONTACT
SOME STIs ARE NOT CURABLE
HAVING AN STI INCREASES YOUR CHANCES OF CONTRACTING OTHER STIs

3. WHAT DO YOU NEED TO KNOW? THERE ARE MANY STIs
ABSTINENCE IS THE ONLY 100% EFFECTIVE WAY TO PREVENT PREGNANCY AND STIs
TEENS ARE LESS LIKELY THAN ADULTS TO GET TESTED FOR STIs
ALL STIs ARE PREVENTABLE

4. CHLAMYDIA
MOST COMMON REPORTED STI IN U.S.; MOST AMONG 15 TO 24 YR OLDS
TRANSMITTED BY:
VAGINAL, ANAL, OR ORAL SEX, CONTACT WITH INFECTED FLUIDS FROM PENIS, VAGINA, OR ANUS, FROM MOTHER TO BABY DURING BIRTH
SYMPTOMS:
OFTEN NONE, WOMEN: DISCHARGE FROM VAGINA, BLEEDING BETWEEN PERIODS, PAIN IN ABDOMEN AND WITH URINATION

5. CHLAMYDIA CONT. SYMPTOMS CONT.:
MEN: BURNING OR PAIN WITH URINATION, WATERY DRIP FROM PENIS, PAIN IN TESTES
CONSEQUENCES:
PERMANENT, PAINFUL DAMAGE TO URINARY & REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS, PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE(PID) IN WOMEN, INFERTILITY IN BOTH, BABY: EYE PROBLEMS, PNEUMONIA, DEATH

6. CHLAMYDIA CONT.
TREATMENT:
CURED WITH ANTIBIOTICS

7. SYPHILIS HAS GROWN IN RECENT YEARS TRANSMITTED BY:
VAGINAL, ANAL, ORAL SEX
HAND OR GENITAL CONTACT WITH OPEN SORES(CHANCRES), RASHES, OR LESIONS
MOTHER TO BABY DURING PREGNANCY
SYMPTOMS:
1ST STAGE: PAINLESS SORE, SWOLLEN GLANDS
2ND STAGE: RASH, FEVER, MUSCLE ACHES, TIREDNESS, SORE THROAT, SWOLLEN GLANDS, HEADACHES, HAIR LOSS
3RD STAGE: IRREVERSIBLE DAMAGE TO MAJOR ORGANS, BLINDNESS, HEART INFECTION, BRAIN DAMAGE, DEATH

8. SYPHILIS CONT. CONSEQUENCES: DAMAGE TO VITAL ORGANS
MISCARRIAGE OR STILLBIRTH
CAUSES DAMAGE IN BABY’S EYES, SKIN, TEETH, LIVER & BONES
TREATMENT:
CURED WITH ANTIBIOTICS
NO CURE FOR ORGAN DAMAGE

9. GONORRHEA TRANSMITTED: VAGINAL, ANAL, ORAL SEX
CONTACT WITH INFECTED FLUIDS
MOTHER TO BABY DURING BIRTH
SYMPTOMS:
MAY HAVE NONE
BOTH: YELLOW OR WHITE DISCHARGE, PAINFUL URINATION, REDNESS & BURNING EYES

10. GONORRHEA CONT. SYMPTOMS CONT.
BOTH: REDDENED, SORE THROAT, WHITE PATCHES IN THROAT, RECTAL PAIN, BLOOD OR PUS IN BOWEL MOVEMENTS
WOMEN:
PAINFUL INTERCOURSE, HEAVY & PAINFUL PERIODS & CRAMPS
CONSEQUENCES:
DAMAGE TO URINARY & REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
PID, INFERTILITY, PAIN IN JOINTS, HEART PROBLEMS, SKIN & EYE INFECTIONS, BLINDNESS, DEATH, BABY: EYE PROBLEMS, PNEUMONIA
TREATMENT:
CURED WITH ANTIBIOTICS

11. GENITAL HERPES SYMPTOMS: MAY HAVE NONE
HERPES SIMPLEX 1: ORAL HERPES
HERPES SIMPLEX 2: GENITAL HERPES
TRANSMITTED:
KISSING, VAGINAL, ANAL, ORAL SEX, HAND OR GENITAL CONTACT
MOTHER TO BABY DURING BIRTH
SYMPTOMS:
MAY HAVE NONE
SMALL BUMPS, BLISTERS, ITCHY, PAINFUL SORES ON GENITALS OR MOUTH
FEVER, SWOLLEN GLANDS, TIREDNESS, MUSCLE ACHES

12. GENITAL HERPES CONT. CONSEQUENCES: PAINFUL, UNSIGHTLY BLISTERS
ALWAYS HAVE IT
BABY: SEVERE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DAMAGE, PAINFUL BLISTERS
TREATMENT:
CAN BE TREATED, BUT NOT CURED
MEDICINES RELIEVE PAIN & REDUCE BLISTERS

13. HPV—GENITAL WARTS SYMPTOMS: NONE
CAUSED BY A GROUP OF 100+ VIRUSES
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS
TRANSMITTED:
VAGINAL, ANAL, OR ORAL SEX
HAND OR GENITAL CONTACT
MOTHER TO BABY DURING BIRTH
SYMPTOMS:
NONE
VISIBLE WARTS ON, AROUND, INSIDE GENITALS, ANUS, OR THROAT

14. HPV CONT. CONSEQUENCES: HAVE IT FOR LIFE
WARTS ARE UNCOMFORTABLE & UNSIGHTLY
CERVICAL CANCER(WOMEN)
THROAT CANCER
TREATMENT:
CAN BE TREATED, BUT NOT CURED
VACCINE AVAILABLE
REMOVAL OF WARTS

15. HEPATITIS B CONSEQUENCES:
TRANSMITTED:
VAGINAL, ANAL, ORAL SEX
SHARING NEEDLES OR RAZORS
EXPOSURE TO BLOOD, BODY FLUIDS, SALIVA
MOTHER TO BABY DURING BIRTH
SYMPTOMS:
MAY HAVE NONE, TIREDNESS, ACHES, NAUSEA, VOMITING, LOSS OF APPETITE, DARK URINE, JAUNDICE
CONSEQUENCES:
INFLAMMATION OF LIVER, CIRRHOSIS, CANCER OF LIVER
TREATMENT:
CAN BE TREATED WITH MEDS, BUT NOT CURED
VACCINE AVAILABLE

16. GENITAL LICE TRANSMITTED: SEXUAL CONTACT, BED LINENS, CLOTHING, TOWELS
SYMPTOMS:
ITCHING, VISIBLE “NITS” ON PUBIC HAIR
CONSEQUENCES:
SKIN INFECTIONS FROM SCRATCHING
TREATMENT:
USE OF LICE KILLING SHAMPOO OR LOTION
WASHING CLOTHES, BED LINENS, TOWELS

17. TRICHOMONIASIS SYMPTOMS CONT.
PARASITIC INFECTION OF GENITALS
TRANSMITTED:
VAGINAL,ANAL, ORAL SEX, GENITAL CONTACT
SYMPTOMS:
MAY BE NONE, WOMEN: FOAMY, SMELLY, YELLOWISH-GREEN VAGINAL DISCHARGE, GENITAL AREA DISCOMFORT
SYMPTOMS CONT.
MEN: DISCHARGE FROM PENIS, BURNING AFTER URINATION OR EJACULATION, IRRITATION OF PENIS

18. TRICH. CONT. CONSEQUENCES: COMPLICATIONS DURING PREGNANCY TREATMENT:
ANTIBIOTICS CAN CURE IT

19. SCABIES TRANSMITTED: SKIN TO SKIN CONTACT, CLOTHING, BEDDING SYMPTOMS:
ITCHING, BURROWS, RASHES
CONSEQUENCES:
SKIN IRRITATION
TREATMENT:
MANY CREAMS AND LOTIONS TO TREAT, MOST OFTEN HAVE TO TREAT WHOLE FAMILY
WASHING CLOTHING & BEDDING

20. WHAT IS HIV? HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
DESTROYS IMPORTANT BLOOD CELLS IN THE BODY’S IMMUNE SYSTEM, WHICH LEAVES THE BODY UNABLE TO FIGHT INFECTION
FOUND IN BLOOD AND BODY FLUIDS THAT CONTAIN BLOOD CELLS SUCH AS SEMEN, VAGINAL SECRETIONS, AND BREAST MILK
DEVELOPS INTO AIDS: ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME

21. HOW IS HIV TRANSMITTED? VAGINAL, ANAL OR ORAL SEX
CONTACT WITH INFECTED BODY FLUIDS
SHARING NEEDLES, GETTING TATTOOS, BODY PIERCING
MOTHER TO BABY
BLOOD TRANFUSIONS OF INFECTED BLOOD
ACCIDENTAL CONTACT WITH INFECTED BLOOD
REMOTELY POSSIBLE DURING OPEN-MOUTHED KISSING IF SALIVA IS CONTAMINATED WITH BLOOD FROM CUTS/SORES IN MOUTH

22. YOU CANNOT GET HIV FROM:
SALIVA
TEARS
SWEAT
URINE
FECES
INSECT BITES
AIR
ENVIRONMENTAL SURFACES

23. SYMPTOMS OF HIV
MILD FLU-LIKE ILLNESS WITHIN A FEW WEEKS OF BEING INFECTED
USUALLY CAN GO MANY YEARS WITHOUT SYMPTOMS, BUT IS STILL ABLE TO PASS HIV TO ANOTHER PERSON
SLOW DESTRUCTION OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS IN IMMUNE SYSTEM
BODY BECOMES UNABLE TO FIGHT INFECTIONS AND SYMPTOMS APPEAR SUCH AS NIGHT SWEATS, WEIGHT LOSS, FEVER & DIARRHEA

24. STAGES OF HIV
ASYMPTOMATIC STAGE: can last for 10 years, virus confined to lymph nodes where it destroys t-helper cells
MIDDLE STAGE: acute antiretroviral stage, fever, headache, sore throat, rash, diarrhea, enlarged lymph nodes
SYMPTOMATIC STAGE: t-helper cells fall to 200 to 400 ml of blood, flu-like symptoms
AIDS STAGE: t-helper cells drop to less than 200 or one or more AIDS-opportunistic illnesses are present

25. TREATMENT FOR HIV/AIDS
CAN BE TREATED, BUT NOT CURED
TREATMENT MORE EFFECTIVE IF CAUGHT EARLY
GIVEN A “COCKTAIL” OF MANY DRUGS TO TAKE TO TRY TO SLOW THE PROGRESSION

26. HOW DO I PROTECT MYSELF?
ABSTINENCE IS ONLY 100% METHOD OF PREVENTING STIs
BUILD A HEALTHY RELATIONSHIP
TALK TO YOUR PARTNER;REFUSAL SKILLS & NEGOTIATION STRATEGIES
GET TESTED
MONOGAMOUS RELATIONSHIPS AND BE FAITHFUL
USE BARRIER PROTECTIONS SUCH AS MALE/FEMALE CONDOMS & DENTAL DAMS
WATCH USAGE OF DRUGS/ALCOHOL

27. FEMALE CONDOM

28. DENTAL DAM