3. Sexually Transmitted Infections
(Also known as Sexually Transmitted Diseases)

5. HOW do you get STI’s? Sixprimary ways: 1. Oral sex 2. Vaginal sex
3. Anal sex
4. Skin to Skin contact, primarily through the genital region
5. Mother-to-baby: during childbirth and/or breastfeeding
6. Using needles/needle sharing (drugs)

6. 4 Fluids that Transmit STD’s
Blood
Vaginal Fluids
Semen
Breast Milk

7. What is the best way to prevent?
1. Abstinence is the best and most effective! 100%!
2. Using a BARRIER method of protection:
A. CONDOM: Latex or
polyurethane ONLY
B. DENTAL DAM

9. The most common types of bacterial STI’s are:
Chlamydia
Gonorrhea
Syphilis

10. Chlamydia infections can occur in the mouth or anus, too!
One of the most COMMON STI’s
Usually no symptoms AT ALL!!
If symptoms develop, they include:
Discharge from penis or vagina
Burning during urination
Burning or itching around the penis
Pain during intercourse
or bleeding
Chlamydia infections can occur in the mouth or anus, too!

11. CAN BE CURED through antibiotics- must be tested!
Chlamydia
If untreated, can lead to:
Permanent damage to female reproductive organs
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in females (scarring/damage in uterus, fallopian tubes, etc.)
Infertility (can’t have children)
Infection in male epididymis which could lead to sterility
CAN BE CURED through antibiotics- must be tested!

12. Gonorrhea can grow in the mouth, throat, eyes, and anus.
Usually no symptoms AT ALL
If symptoms develop, they include:
Vaginal bleeding between your periods.
Pain or burning when you pass urine.
Increased vaginal discharge.
A discharge from your penis.
Painful or swollen testicles
Gonorrhea can grow in the mouth, throat, eyes, and anus.

13. CAN BE CURED through antibiotics- must be tested!
Gonorrhea
If untreated, can lead to:
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in females (scarring/damage in uterus, fallopian tubes, etc.)
Males may develop a painful condition in the testicles. In rare cases, this may prevent them from having children.
Chronic pain in the pelvic area
Infertility (can’t have children)
CAN BE CURED through antibiotics- must be tested!

14. Syphilis Symptoms develop in stages (which can take months-years):
1st stage (PRIMARY): Sore on the body (often called chancre or shanker) where infection spread (mouth, anus, vagina, penis, tongue, lips, etc.)
2nd stage (SECONDARY): Non-itchy skin rash develops including reddish-brown spots (often confused with acne) on palms of hands or feet. Also flu-like symptoms (Sore throat, tiredness, headache, swollen lymph glands)

15. First Stage (Primary)

16. Second Stage (Secondary)

17. Syphilis
3rd stage (TERTIARY): Most severe stage- can cause damage to internal system. Physical symptoms disappear in 3rd stage. Can cause heart disease, damage to other major organs.
If untreated, can cause death in late stages.
CAN BE CURED with penicillin if caught in the early stages

20. Viral STI’s Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Genital Herpes
The most common viral STI’s are:
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Genital Herpes
Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV)
Hepatitis B

21. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
More than 100 HPV types that can infect the skin of the penis, vulva, anus, and the linings of the vagina, cervix, and rectum exist
Symptoms: Usually NONE.
HPV types are often referred to as “low-risk” (wart-causing) or “high-risk” (cancer-causing)

23. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Genital warts can occur inside and outside of genital region, and pre- cancerous cells on cervix can be detected through a pap smear.
If left un-treated: Genital warts, cervical cancer, cancer of penis, anus, vagina, etc.
NO CURE, prevention vaccine for males and females available (GET IT!!!!!)

27. Genital Herpes Caused by:HSV-1 and mostly HSV-2 virus
(Herpes Simplex Virus #1 and #2)
Symptoms: USUALLY NONE, but can include:
Oral herpes: blisters or sores appear on mouth
Genital Herpes: blisters, sores, lesions appear on the genitals

30. Herpes- Between Outbreaks

31. Genital Herpes
One or more blisters on or around the genitals or rectum. The blisters break, leaving tender ulcers (sores) that may take two to four weeks to heal the first time they occur
Typically, another outbreak can appear weeks or months after the first
Can result in serious problems if passed to baby during childbirth.
NO CURE, but medications can help.
CAN BE SPREAD even if no sores are present!!!!

32. Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV)
It is the virus that primarily infects cells of the immune system and that causes the disease known as AIDS.
Spread by oral, vaginal, anal sex, blood transfusions (rare), and sharing needles
Symptoms may not appear for up to TEN years! If so, you may not realize you have it and might be passing it on to others!
Further symptoms: Flu and cold-like symptoms
HIV destroys important key parts of the immune system and leads to infections, death

36. Hepatitis B – Liver hurting virus
Symptoms: Usually NONE.
Some symptoms can include:
yellowish eyes and skin, called jaundice
a longer than usual amount of time for bleeding to stop
swollen stomach or ankles
easy bruising
flu-like symptoms
dark yellow urine

39. Hepatitis B
Chronic hepatitis B is treated with drugs that slow or stop the virus from damaging the liver
Without treatment, chronic hepatitis B can cause scarring of the liver, called cirrhosis; liver cancer; and liver failure.

40. Other STI’s

41. Trichomoniasis Protozoan parasitic infection
The vagina is the most common site of infection in women, and the urethra is the most common site of infection in men.
Most men and women with trichomoniasis do not have signs or symptoms; however, some men may temporarily have an irritation inside the penis, mild discharge, or slight burning after urination or ejaculation.

43. Trichomoniasis
Some women have signs or symptoms of infection which include a frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge with a strong odor.
The infection also may cause discomfort during intercourse and urination, as well as irritation and itching of the female genital area.
Pregnant women with trichomoniasis may have babies who are born early or at a low birth weight

45. Pubic Lice (Crabs)
Pubic lice typically are found attached to hair in the pubic area or found on coarse hair elsewhere on the body
Symptoms include:
Itching in the genital area
Visible nits (lice eggs) or crawling lice
Both over-the-counter and prescription medications are available for treatment of pubic lice infestations.
If not treated, pubic lice will continue to thrive on the body