1. Daily Goals  Review Carbs Review Carbs Define Protein Define Protein Soap in action Soap in action

2. Do now! – Review these terms with a table partner. Give the definition, let partner guess the word. MONOMER POLYMER CARBOHYDRATE MONOSACCHARIDE POLYSACCHARIDE LIPID COHESION ADHESION SOLUTION ACID BASE PH SCALE

3. BREAD MOLD LAB CONCLUSION - Please do a final check on your bread. - If you can count colonies, terrific! Record numbers (quantitative). - If you can count colonies, terrific! Record numbers (quantitative). - For most of us, a colony count will not be possible. Describe what you see (qualitative). - For most of us, a colony count will not be possible. Describe what you see (qualitative). - On the back of your data sheet, state if you see a difference between NO H2O and WITH H2O groups.

4. THROW ALL BREAD SAMPLES IN THE TRASH WHEN OBSERVATIONS ARE COMPLETE. THANKS!

5. Lab Reports -

7. Key Terms Solvent – a substance in which a solute is dissolved Solute - a substance dissolved in a solution Solution – a mixture in which one or more substances is mixed within another Suspension – particles suspended (temp.) in a liquid Mixture – two compounds physically combined pH – scale comparing H+ and OH- concentration in sol Acid – H+ in greater concentration than OH- ions; pr do Base – OH- ions in greater concentration than H+ Dissociation – separation of mol. or atom into ionic particles

9.  The study of organic compounds or compounds that contain carbon- hydrogen bonds

10.  4 valence electrons...  So it can form 4 covalent bonds with other atoms  It can bond with H, O, P, S, and N

12.  It can also bond with other atoms

13. single doubletriple

14. Terms Macromolecules means the 4 molecules of life (large molecules), formed through polymerization. Polymerization – the joining of smaller compounds to make larger ones Smaller units called Monomers are joined together to form…. Polymers or large compounds made up of smaller monomers

16. Polymer

17.  3. The four groups of organic compounds found in living things are..l  _____________________  _____________________.

18.  They are non-hydrocarbon part of the molecule  And they are clusters of atoms that influence the properties of the molecules they compose Hydroxyl Group -OH Carboxyl Group -COOH Amino Group -NH 2 3 Examples:

19. Contain: Functional groups: C, H, and O -OH (hydroxyl) Function: Source of Energy and building block for structure

20. Monomer Polymer = Monosaccharide (simple sugar) = Disaccharides and polysaccharides Skip 7 lines

21. simple sugars contain C, H, & O in a 1:2:1 ratio Example: C 6 H 12 O 6 3 Most Common 1 2 1 1.Glucose 2.Fructose 3.Galactose = fuel for cells = sweetest = milk sugar http://www.insideweightloss.info/blog/diet-tips-%E2%80%93-all-about-sugar/

22.  Check to make sure each bag has:  14 black (carbon)  9 blue (oxygen)  4 red (nitrogen)  32 white (hydrogen)  58 white tubes (bonds)  1 small clear plastic bag  If you are missing any pieces or have extra, pick them up or return them to the bins on the side lab bench.

24. Isomer= compounds with the SAME chemical formula, but different structural formulas Example: glucose, fructose, and galactose are all isomers of each other... C 6 H 12 O 6

25. Draw two examples in your notes:

27.  Is a double sugar formed when 2 monosaccharides combine in a dehydration synthesis rxn 3 Examples 1.Maltose 2.Sucrose 3.Lactose = glucose + glucose = glucose + fructose = glucose + galactose

29. Fructose

30.  Is a complex molecule made of 3 or more monosaccharides 3 Types 1.starch 2.glycogen 3.cellulose = sugar storage in plants = sugar storage in animals (in muscles) = structural component to plant cells (cell wall)

32.  Check to make sure each bag has:  14 black (carbon)  9 blue (oxygen)  4 red (nitrogen)  32 white (hydrogen)  58 white tubes (bonds)  1 small clear plastic bag  If you are missing any pieces or have extra, pick them up or return them to the bins on the side lab bench.

33. Macromolecule Structure Elements Monomer Structure Polymer Structure FunctionExamples Draw Monomer Structure Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids

34. Contain: C, H, O, and N Function: 1. Structural component to living things (helps build muscle mass) 2. Control cell processes and reactions (enzymes)

35. Monomer Polymer = amino acid = protein (folded polypeptide chain) Skip 12 lines

36. Contains 2 functional groups -NH 2 (amino group) and -COOH (carboxyl group) General aa structure R-group = different for each type of amino acid There are 20 different amino acids

38. 20 different amino acids: http://nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/dna/a/translation/aminoacids.html “Protein alphabet”

39.  Amino acids join by a dehydration synthesis rxn to form dipeptides and polypeptides

40. Primary Structure 1. Form a chain of aa Secondary Structure 2. Twist or fold the chain of aa (alpha helix or pleated sheet) Tertiary structure 3. Fold the chain onto itself (globular subunit) Quaternary Structure 4. Bring 2 to 4 aa subunits together (Ho

41. Correct folding is critical. If conditions are not right (temp, pH), this process will not take place or can be reversed (denaturation) and proteins cannot function!

42.  Enzymes are made of proteins.  They help speed up reactions and are UNCHANGED by the reaction. Image from: http://www.cas.muohio.edu/~wilsonkg/old/gene2005/syllabus_F03_23.jpg

43. Contain:C, H, and O Function: 1. Store Energy 2. Component to cell membrane http://www.red-spirit-energy-healing.com/essential-fats.html

44. Building blocks (“monomer”): Glycerol and fatty acid

45. =long hydrocarbon chain with carboxyl group attached

46. --Saturated  C are full of H (no double bonds) --Unsaturated  C are NOT full of H (double bonds)

47. Types of Lipids (“polymers”): 3. Steriods 2. Phospholipid 1. Triglyceride

48. Contain: Functional groups: C, H, O, N, P None that we discussed Function: 1. Store and transmit info to carry out cell processes and make protein 2. Transmit genetic info from one generation to the next

49. Monomer Polymer = nucleotide = Nucleic acid 1. Sugar 2. Phosphate 3. Nitrogen base 2 types: 1. DNA 2. RNA Image from: http://www.yourdictionary.com/dna

50. Homework: 1. Table completion of molecule characteristics. 2. Carbohydrate worksheet

51. USER NAME: first name + last name + 542 Ex: ingestannik542 PASSWORD: your house number Ex: 1234 Please record your Quia log in information in a secure place.