The Plague, Hundred Years War and the Church. The Black or Bubonic Plague Spread by flees on rats carried over by Italian Merchants from Caffa Followed.

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Presentation transcript:

The Plague, Hundred Years War and the Church

The Black or Bubonic Plague Spread by flees on rats carried over by Italian Merchants from Caffa Followed trade routes (France, Low Country, Germany, England, northern Europe, Eastern Europe, Russia in 3 years) Up to 50% of the population died Social and Economic Consequences  Church, trade declines, end of serfdom and religious persecution

Divisions in the Church Lack of faith due to the Black Death Papacy in France and Rome as well as the Great Schism John Wycliffe = Bible in the vernacular (English) John Hus = burned a heretic Changes in the Church…because their ideas sparked the public!

The Hundred Years War 1337 – 1453 CE A series of English and French conflicts that physically devastate France and economically drain England

Background for War 1259 – Treaty of Paris Aquitaine’s lord is the English King – how can the English King be a vassal to the French King at the same time? Especially when England is more powerful!

War Begins… French King, Philip VI, tries to take control of Aquitaine from England…and the English fight back…

Hundred Years War WHY WAR? English hope to hold onto lands held by their Norman ancestors French hope to regain their lands on the European continent (esp. the KING!)

Early Years of War English won important early victories in Northern France (Crecy and Agincourt) English used the longbow, which helped them achieve victory French moral is very low…

Joan of Arc 17 year old peasant woman Hears spiritual voices of Saints King Charles VII of France gives her command of the relief force at Orleans, France Joan inspires troops and is somewhat militarily successful

Joan of Arc Joan is captured by the English The English try her and burn her at the stake (age 19) Joan becomes a French martyr and a Catholic saint The tides turn…

The Hundred Years War Ends France takes the offensive against England (Battle of Orleans = turning point of the war) France wins a series of battles with the cannon (technology destroys castles!) England retreats from the “European continent” for good… Results of the war…new monarchies = England weaker / France absolute!

Reconquista of Spain Muslim Spain divided into Muslim and Christian Kingdoms Marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon Unification of Spain in 1492 “Most Catholic” Nation State with strong Inquisition Court

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