1. Section 4: The Late Middle Ages

2. The Black Death (bubonic plague)

3. 9 killed perhaps 1/2 of Europe

4. Source of the Black Death

5. Consequences Jews became scapegoats (p. 341) Trade declined, price of labor rose, food prices fell Jews became scapegoats (p. 341) Trade declined, price of labor rose, food prices fell

6. Shortage of labor=freedom of serfs

7. The Great Schism 1378- 1417 1300 Pope Boniface VIII claimed authority over French Bishops-Philip IV had him arrested. (Pope later died)

8. French King Philip IV forced election of 1st French Pope (Clement V)

9. Moved papacy to Avignon in France.

10. College of Cardinals elected a second Pope, an Italian-later a 3rd was elected

11. The Schism

12. Council of Constance Schism ended in 1417 by Holy Roman Emperor (fired everyone and had a new pope elected, and moved back to Rome)

13. Church teachings challenged

14. John Wycliffe (England) taught that Jesus, not the Pope was the final authority Inspired a Bible in English

15. John Huss (Bohemia) Bible was final authority

16. Council of Constance- Huss double-crossed and burned as a heretic

17. John Hus 25

18. Touches off the Hussite Wars

19. Hussite War Wagon 23

20. End of the Age of Faith War, Plague and Schism caused loss of prestige for the Church

21. The Hundred Years’ War 1337-1453

22. 1337 French King Philip VI seized last English territory in France

23. Later Edward III (England) claimed French throne when last Capetian died

24. Crecy Battle of Crecy 1346

25. 1. English Longbow and French mistakes= victory 2. Outnumbered English slaughtered French knights 1. English Longbow and French mistakes= victory 2. Outnumbered English slaughtered French knights

26. Cross bow 23

27. The Long Bow made the difference

28. Poitiers 1356

29. French King and his son captured

30. Agincourt 1415

31. Henry V English hero

32. High water mark for England

33. Joan of Arc 42

34. 1. Teenage peasant heard heavenly voices

35. Treaty after Agincourt called for Henry V to inherit France on the death of Charles VI

36. 2. Joan convinced The Dauphin (son of the previous king) to fight for the throne

37. 3. Led by Joan, French won Battle of Orleans, and the Dauphin was crowned Charles VII

38. 4. Joan was captured and executed at Rouen by the English for heresy- Charles did nothing to save her

39. Execution of Joan 4

40. Rouen Bridge from which Joan’s ashes were flung 41

41. 5. Charles VII became a great King 6. England was removed from France

42. End of the Age of Chivalry

43. 23 Introduction of Guns 23

44. Ended age of Castles, armor and Knights

45. Political Recovery

46. France Much of France Devastated King gained power Created a sense of nationalism Much of France Devastated King gained power Created a sense of nationalism

47. England Sense of nationalism Strengthened Parliament Sense of nationalism Strengthened Parliament

48. The Wars of the Roses

50. 1399 Henry Bolingbroke seized the throne, became Henry VI

51. 1455--Henry VI (Lancaster--White rose) Sometimes insane. Lost 100 Years War

52. Wars began when Yorks (Red rose) challenged the Lancasters (White rose) for the throne

53. Richard III, Last York king

54. The Princes of the Tower Richard murdered his nephews to become king

55. Richard killed at Battle of Bosworth 1485 “His beaver (bevoir) was up”

56. Victor at Bosworth, Henry Tudor (Lancaster) who became Henry VII

57. Henry VII married Elizabeth of York (daughter of Edward II)

58. united families

59. Ended wars by abolishing private armies Lowered taxes Ended wars by abolishing private armies Lowered taxes

60. Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain http://www.ignatiushistory.info/00100.html

61. Marriage in 1469 began unification of Spain 1492 Defeated Granada, last Muslim kingdom 1492 Expelled the Jews Began the inquisition

62. Central and Eastern Europe Hapsburgs of Austria dominated Holy Roman Empire Moscow began to dominate Russia Hapsburgs of Austria dominated Holy Roman Empire Moscow began to dominate Russia