Egypt’s Old Kingdom

Old Kingdom Rulers  The Old Kingdom Lasted from 2600 BC to about 2300 BC During those years Egypt grew and prosperedDuring those years Egypt grew and prospered

Old Kingdom Rulers  The Egyptian King, or pharaoh, was an all-powerful ruler who guided Egypt's every activity His word was law, and it had to be obeyed without questionHis word was law, and it had to be obeyed without question

Old Kingdom Rulers  Pharaohs appointed many officials to carry out their wishes  Pharaohs were viewed as gods on earth his subjects paid him great respecthis subjects paid him great respect

Egypt's Religion  The ancient Egyptians worshiped many deities; gods and goddesses Believed they controlled the forces of nature and human activitiesBelieved they controlled the forces of nature and human activities

Egypt's Religion  The main Egyptian god was the Sun god, Re The most important goddess was IsisThe most important goddess was Isis  she ruled over the dead with her husband Osiris

Life After Death  Egyptians believe that life in the next world would be even better than life on earth  The Book of the Dead was a collection of spells and prayers  The Book of the Dead was a collection of spells and prayers Egyptians studied it to obtain life after death

Mummification  Egyptians believed that the pharaoh's needed a body to make the journey to the afterlife Believed he would continue to care for Egypt after deathBelieved he would continue to care for Egypt after death

Mummification  To protect the pharaohs body the Egyptians developed a process called embalming  To protect the pharaohs body the Egyptians developed a process called embalming First priest remove the body's organsFirst priest remove the body's organs salt was then applied to the bodysalt was then applied to the body the body was filled with spices and then stitched closedthe body was filled with spices and then stitched closed

Mummification next it was cleaned with oils and tightly wrapped with long strips of linennext it was cleaned with oils and tightly wrapped with long strips of linen  the wrapped body was known as a mummy  it was put in several wooden coffins then it was ready for burial in a tomb

Egyptian medicine  Through embalming Egyptians learned much about the human body  doctors used drugs to treat many different illnesses  doctors used drugs to treat many different illnesses

Egyptian medicine  some doctors focused on treating particular parts of the body becoming the specialists in medicine  some doctors focused on treating particular parts of the body becoming the specialists in medicine  Egyptians also wrote the world's first medical books

The Pyramids  Egyptians built huge pyramids entirely of stone  Egyptians built huge pyramids entirely of stone they protect the bodies of dead pharaohs from floods, wild animals, grave robbers,they protect the bodies of dead pharaohs from floods, wild animals, grave robbers,  also held treasures  also held treasures

How Was a Pyramid Built? How Was a Pyramid Built?  It took thousands of people years to build a pyramid  It took thousands of people years to build a pyramid each pyramid sat on a square base, with the entrance facing northeach pyramid sat on a square base, with the entrance facing north

How Was a Pyramid Built? How Was a Pyramid Built?  the Egyptians made advances in mathematics to determine the amount of stone needed, as well as the angles necessary for a pyramid  After the pyramid site was chosen, workers went wherever they could find stone.  After the pyramid site was chosen, workers went wherever they could find stone.

How Was a Pyramid Built? How Was a Pyramid Built?  Skilled artisans used copper tools to cut the stone into huge blocks.  Skilled artisans used copper tools to cut the stone into huge blocks.  Next, they loaded the stones onto barges to be floated to the building site.  There they unloaded the blocks and pushed them up ramps to be sat in place

The Great Pyramid  Built for King Khufu, it is one of three still standing in Giza today.  It is about 500 feet tall and covers an area about the size of nine football fields  It is about 500 feet tall and covers an area about the size of nine football fields  It was built without using animal power, special tools, or even the wheel