1. Chapter 2 Section 2 Egypt’s Old Kingdom

2. Old Kingdom Rulers Old kingdom was known for growth and prosperity Egyptians built cities and expanded trade Strong Government was established

3. Old Kingdom Rulers (con’t) Pharaoh- All powerful ruler – Unity of Kingdom depended on strong leader – Considered son of Re, the sun god Many officials controlled the day to day aspects of the government

4. Egypt’s Religion Worshipped many deities-polytheism Believed the gods controlled forces of nature and human activity Re- sun god Hapi- god of the Nile Isis-loyal wife and mother

5. Life After Death Egyptians had hopeful outlook for afterlife The Book of the Dead – Spells and Prayers they needed to get in the afterlife

6. Life after Death At first believed only Pharaoh and elite would achieve afterlife The Pharaoh needed a body to travel to the afterlife. – Embalming process – Mummification process

7. Egyptian Medicine Through embalming much was learned about the human body Herbs and drugs to treat illness Stitch up cuts and set bones First specialist in medicine Medical books

8. The Pyramids Pyramids-mountain like structures build of stone-served as tombs for Pharaohs. Protected bodies and held supplies

9. The Pyramids (con’t) Thousands of people and years of work Farmers during the Nile’s floods Skilled workers had specific jobs

10. The Pyramids (con’t) Stones would be carried from miles away Barges carried stones on the Nile to building site Stones pushed up ramps

11. The Pyramids (con’t) Entrance to pyramids faced north – Developed principles of astronomy – 12 month calendar developed Measuring for the pyramids led to advances in math – Number system based on 10

12. The Great Pyramid Built for King Khufu in Giza Tallest structure in the world for over 4,000 years – 500 feet tall; covers nine football fields Each block weighs 2.5 tons