Write Physical Development Get out study guide. Get out sheet of paper. Get book if not already on your desk.

Physical Development 4-6 years

Discussion Are playgrounds safe?? Why/Why not?

Playgrounds National Playground Safety Institute: Top 5 Hard surfaces Inadequate space to fall safely Protruding equipment Openings in which heads can be trapped Inadequate space between equipment

Looking at Pictures Look through the pictures in Unit 4 (1-3 years) and Unit 5 (4-6 years) What do you notice about the differences in their physical development?

Height and Weight Slightly slower than 1-3 years Average yearly increase: 2 ½ - 3 inches 4-5 lbs per year Boys slightly taller and heavier than girls Chart on 437

Proportion and Posture Straight and slimmer between 4 th -7 th birthday Protruding abdomen flattens Shoulder widen Chest flattens Neck longer Legs lengthen Balance and coordination improve Hold arms nearer to body when walk/run

Teeth How does their smile look between 4-6? Primary teeth or replaced with permanent teeth Set of 32 Generally, primary lost in same order they came in. Molars are first to appear: helps keep other teeth in position

Toothless Smiles

Thumb Sucking Comfort themselves/handle tension Ignore it Stop on their own Excessive? Check with dentist Problem if position of permanent teeth or jaw is being altered

Motor Skills Improve drastically Timing of development varies 4-6 year old are very energetic Favorite activities physical Need practice Page

Hand Preference Consistently use one hand by age 5 Few are ambidextrous Do not know how hand preference develops Heredity?? Parents influence??

14-2

Feeding Need nutritious foods to supply energy Serving sizes smaller Minimum servings in each group 5-6 small meals/snacks a day

Poor Nutrition Many causes…. List some.

Poor Nutrition Caregivers don’t understand the need for it Poor examples as caregivers Children allowed to choose own food Negative effects: – Less resistance to colds/illnesses – Limited growth – Difficulty learning

Weight Problems Check with doctor before deciding if child is overweight or underweight Extra calories stored as fat Poor food choices

Teaching Nutrition At home: Involve children: how?? At school: Use food as a learning tool Putting peanut butter on celery and raisins Bring lunch or buy lunch but thrown away or traded Page. 448 (tips)

Self Care Bathing Less interested now Establish routine Brushing Teeth Tooth decay is a real concern Sealants and fluoride toothpastes prevent cavities

Self Care Dressing Difficulty matching Comfort, durability and economy Group identification: belonging becomes important Caring for clothes Fold/hang clothes Put clothes away Increase sense of responsibility

Self Care Sleeping No afternoon naps Cooperative about going to bed Bed wetting Toileting Few accidents May be nervous about asking where bathroom is or concentrating on an activity

Effects of TV Page What was your favorite tv show? 2.How can children benefit? 3.What can they learn? 4.What are some negative effects of watching television?