Figures of Speech Annette Verge Stopka

Literal vs. Figurative Language

Literal vs. Figurative  Literal= true  Figurative- imaginary

What is a simile?

simile  A simile is a comparison of two unlike things using like or as.

How does Andy eat?

Figuratively speaking, he eats like a…

Simile Like Like As As Resembles Resembles Than Than

What is a Metaphor? How does it differ from a simile?

He has broom hair

Metaphor is a  A direct comparison  Juliet is the sun, said Romeo.  He has broom hair.

He is a pig!

I am a blue balloon floating away.

 The rain dances.  The moon walks.

What poetic devices are found here?  What is this hail that hits us like a hammer?

What is an idiom?

What is the idiom?

Clear as mud  Not clear at all

By hook or crook  By any means necessary

Apple of my eye CherishedCherished LovedLoved TreasuredTreasured

Wolf in sheep’s clothing  Someone who appears nice, but is really out to destroy you.

Turn over a new leaf To begin behaving better

My backpack weighs a ton! What does this hyperbole suggest ?

Mood=Atmosphere  The overall feeling about a work of literature, often related to the setting.  “deadly cold” “like a flat blade of ice”  Is this visual or auditory imagery. (imagery is language that appeals to the senses)

FINALLY, TEST YOURSELF! Which is the metaphor? a sea of faces hair like a web the sun smiled Which is the simile? the sun was an eye fingers like sausages pumpkin face Which uses personification? the lights blinked I am a red balloon as hot as fire Find the idiom butterflies dance butterfly eyelashes butterflies in my stomach.

 The panther is like a leopard, a leopard, Except it hasn’t been peppered. been peppered.

Couplet A A Two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme.Two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme. Create your own couplet now.Create your own couplet now. Subject: SchoolSubject: School

Elegy A serious poem of mourning, usually about someone who has died. A serious poem of mourning, usually about someone who has died.

Theme  The general idea or insight about life that a work of literature reveals.  The human spirit triumphs over evil.  Beauty is found in nature.  Hopes and dreams give life meaning

Symbol A person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself and stands for something beyond itself as well. A person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself and stands for something beyond itself as well.

What is an egg a symbol of?

Narrative Poem  Tells a story

Lyric Poem  Expresses Feelings

Lyric Poems include: Lyric Lyric Sonnet (14 lines) Sonnet (14 lines) Elegy (sad, mournful, serious, about loss or death) Elegy (sad, mournful, serious, about loss or death) Ode (serious, formal language—celebrate) Ode (serious, formal language—celebrate)

Ode  Formal language  Serious  Celebrate

Epic  Hero  Formal language  Fights monsters or demons  Quest

Homer’s Odyssey and Iliad

Ballad  Ballad: songlike poem that tells a story, often a sad story of betrayal, death, or loss.  tells a story  uses simple language  has a refrain, usually at the end of each stanza. A refrain is a line or lines that repeat.  simple rhymes  has regular meters  often describes a supernatural event.

Old songs from middle ages- Ballads

rhythm  The repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables  This lovely flower fell to seed  Work gently, sun and rain;  She held it as her dying creed  That she would grown again

meter  A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables  This lovely flower fell to seed  Work gently, sun and rain;  She held it as her dying creed  That she would grown again

rhyme  Chiming effect, music quality  End rhymes—end of the line  Seed Creed

Exact rhyme HappyHappy sappysappy

Approximate rhyme  Orange  Door hinge  Fellow- hollow

Internal rhyme  There are strange things done in the midnight sun.  Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning.

alliteration Repetition of consonants Repetition of consonants The grass grew gradually The grass grew gradually

Alliteration and assonance  The sun was shining on the sea,  Shining with all his might;  He did his very best to make  The billow smooth and bright  And this was odd, because it was  The middle of the night.

assonance  Vowel sounds repeated  The bee flew around the tree

Free verse I “To every time there is a season, “To every time there is a season, And a time to every purpose under heaven; And a time to every purpose under heaven; A time to be born, and a time to die; A time to be born, and a time to die; A time to land, and a time to pluck up that which is planted….” Ecclesiates 3:1-2 A time to land, and a time to pluck up that which is planted….” Ecclesiates 3:1-2

Sonnet  14 lines How Do I Love Thee? (Sonnet 43) by Elizabeth Barrett BrowningElizabeth Barrett Browning How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of being and ideal grace. I love thee to the level of every day's Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light. I love thee freely, as men strive for right. I love thee purely, as they turn from praise. I love thee with the passion put to use In my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith. I love thee with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints. I love thee with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life; and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death.

Imagery

Ghastly=wretched  Mood

onomatopoeia  The use of words to suggest the meaning of a word  Rustle, sizzle, crackle, snap, pop, buzz,

hyperbole  Exaggeration

understatement  Saying what is less than what is meant.  The Grand Canyon is a nice little hole.

Main idea  Underlying meaning

Direct quote “Against the monster. God must decide Who will be given to death’s cold grip.”  From Beowulf

Cold - What does it mean?  Cold as in freezing  Cold as in catching a cold  Cold colors as is not bright, like dark blue.  Cold personality– as in aloof, distant, not friendly.