13 Colonies

New England Colonies Rhode Island Connecticut Massachusetts New Hampshire

New England Climate and Physical Features – Rocky Soils – Short farming season – Subsistence farming – Bad farming conditions – Great harbors for port Cities like Boston

New England Economic Comparative Advantage – Commercial businesses ($$$) Fishing Shipping manufacturing

New England Why colonies were started – Religious freedom – Pilgrims, Puritans fled England for Massachusetts

The New England Colonies Rhode Island Massachusetts New Hampshire Connecticut

Massachusetts Founded: 1630 by John Winthrop and others, at Massachusetts Bay Major Industry: Agriculture (fishing, corn, livestock), Manufacturing (lumbering, shipbuilding) Major Cities: Boston, Quincy, Plymouth, Salem, Lexington, Concord Colony Named for: Massachusetts tribe (word means "large hill place") Became a State: February 6, 1788

New Hampshire Founded: 1638 by John Wheelwright and others Major Industry: Agriculture (potatoes, fishing), Manufacturing (textiles, shipbuilding) Major Cities: Concord Colony Named for: county of Hampshire in England Became a State: June 21, 1788

Rhode Island Founded: 1636 by Roger Williams and others, at Providence Major Industry: Agriculture (livestock, dairy, fishing), Manufacturing (lumbering) Major Cities: Providence Colony Named for: Dutch for "red island" Became a State: May 29, 1790

Connecticut Founded: 1636 by Thomas Hooker and others, at Hartford Major Industry: Agriculture (wheat, corn, fishing) Major Cities: Hartford, New Haven Colony Named for: from an Algonquin word, quinnehtukqut, "beside the long tidal river" Became a State: February 6, 1788

Middle Colonies Delaware Pennsylvania New York New Jersey

Middle Colonies Climate and Physical Features – Good Soil – Longer growing seasons than New England – Ok Harbors

Middle Colonies Economic Comparative Advantage – Known as the “Breadbasket” Grew crops like wheat and corn – Provided food for other colonies – Some shipping and manufacturing

Middle Colonies Why colonies were started – Religious Freedom Make money through trade (New York and New Jersey)

The Middle Colonies New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware

New York Founded: 1626 by Peter Minuit and others, on Manhattan Island Major Industry: Manufacturing (shipbuilding, iron works), Agriculture (cattle, grain, rice, indigo, wheat) Major Cities: New York City, Albany Colony Named for: Duke of York Became a State: July 26, 1788

Delaware Founded: 1638 by Peter Minuit and others Major Industry: Agriculture (fishing), Manufacturing (lumbering) Major Cities: Wilmington Colony Named for: named for the Delaware tribe and for an early governor of colonial Virginia, Lord de la Warr Became a State: December 7, 1787

New Jersey Founded: 1664 by English colonists Major Industry: Manufacturing (ironworking, lumbering) Major Cities: Trenton, Princeton Colony Named for: Isle of Jersey in England Became a State: December 18, 1787

Pennsylvania Founded: 1682 by William Penn and others, at Philadelphia Major Industry: Agriculture (wheat, corn, cattle, dairy), Manufacturing (textiles, papermaking, shipbuilding) Major Cities: Philadelphia, Lancaster, York Colony Named for: William Penn and sylvania, Latin for "forest" Became a State: December 12, 1787

Southern Colonies Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia

Southern Colonies Climate and Physical Features – Great Soil – Warm Weather – Very long growing seasons – Bad harbors

Southern Colonies Economic Comparative Advantage – Focused on farming cash crops – Large plantation farms for tobacco, cotton, and indigo – Almost no shipping

Southern Colonies Why colonies were started – Almost all were started to make money by growing cash crops – Maryland was started for religious freedom – Georgia A place for criminals/ debtors

Southern Colonies Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia

Virginia Founded: 1607 by John Smith and others, at Jamestown Major Industry: Plantation agriculture (tobacco, wheat, corn) Major Cities: Jamestown, Williamsburg, Richmond Colony Named for: England's "Virgin Queen," Elizabeth I Became a State: June 25, 1788

Maryland Founded: 1633 by Lord Baltimore and others, at Baltimore Major Industry: Manufacturing (shipbuilding, iron works), Agriculture (corn, wheat, rice, indigo) Major Cities: Baltimore, Annapolis Colony Named for: Queen Henrietta Maria of England Became a State: April 28, 1788

North Carolina Founded: 1653 by Virginia colonists Major Industry: Plantation agriculture (indigo, rice, tobacco) Major Cities: Raleigh Colony Named for: from Carolus, the Latin word for "Charles," Charles I of England Became a State: November 21, 1789

South Carolina Founded: 1663 by English colonists Major Industry: Plantation agriculture (indigo, rice, tobacco, cotton, cattle) Major Cities: Charleston Colony Named for: from Carolus, the Latin word for "Charles," Charles I of England Became a State: May 23, 1788

Georgia Founded: 1732 by James Oglethorpe and others Major Industry: Agriculture (indigo, rice, sugar) Major Cities: Savannah Colony Named for: England's King George II Became a State: January 2, 1788

Reasons why the colonies began God – Religious Freedoms The Puritans and the Pilgrims fled from England to the colonies Glory – Wanted the fame of starting a new country Gold – People could make lots of money in the colonies especially on plantations