Wednesday, 1/22 Dock your phones and update your agenda Glue last night’s homework (Organic Compounds Reading & Summary) on page 47L Put notes for today on page 47R Put the homework for tonight on page 48L

Pop Quiz Please close your notebooks and get out a writing utensil

1. What is one major difference between ORGANIC and INORGANIC compounds? a.Organic compounds come from the earth b.Inorganic compounds usually contain Carbon c.Organic compounds usually contain Carbon d.Inorganic compounds are usually very complex

2. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration are _________ reactions. a.Opposite b.Exothermic c.Endothermic d.Unrelated

3. If a liquid has a pH of 4 it is ____? a.Acidic b.Basic c.Neutral

4. Which is NOT an example of an Organic Compound? a.Proteins b.Carbon Dioxide c.Lipids d.Carbohydrates

5. No matter what food you eat, you can always trace the source of energy back to __________? a.The sun and photosynthesis b.Food particles c.The heat from the center of the earth d.Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic acids Proteins Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O) What are the 4 types of organic compounds? What are all 4 made up of? **IT MUST HAVE CARBON TO BE ORGANIC Organic Compounds These compounds get their name “organic” because they are found in organisms (living things)

Structure: C:H:O = 1:2:1 CARBOHYDRATES INFO Function: Structure, Energy, Sugar glucose Carbs are broken down into simple sugars by our digestive system!

Structure: Glycerol + Fatty acid chain Function: Energy Storage, Cell Membrane, Insulation *Stores the MOST ENERGY LIPIDS INFO Lipids= Fats H H-C----O H glycerol O C-CH 2 --CH 2 --CH 3 = O C-CH 2 --CH 2 -CH 3 = O C-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH =CH-CH 2 -CH 3 =

Structure: nucleotidesphosphate group, sugar, nitrogenous bases Made up of nucleotides: phosphate group, sugar, nitrogenous bases Function: Stores genetic information NUCLEIC ACID INFO

Structure : Contains C, H, O, N Contains C, H, O, N Made up of amino acids Made up of amino acids Function : Structure, Chemical Reactions, Antibodies Enzyme= can speed up the rate of a reaction PROTEIN INFO Example of a protein

REVIEW 1. Q: What are the 4 types of organic compounds? A: Proteins, lipids (fats), carbohydrates, Nucleic acids 2. Q: Which organic molecule stores the most energy? A: Lipids (Fats) 3. Q: Which organic compound stores our genetic information? A: Nucleic acids

Acids and Bases

Acids An acid is a substance that:  Tastes sour (dangerous)  Oily feeling (dangerous)  Reacts with metals Corrosive  All contain Hydrogen Any compound beginning with H is acid except water (H 2 O) and peroxide (H 2 O 2 )

Acids Caution:  Wash with water if it gets on you  Never smell  Don’t taste!! Common Acids  Lactic Acid = Buttermilk  Acetic Acid = Vinegar  Citric Acid = Oranges  Carbonic Acid = Cokes (carbonated water)

Bases A base is a substance that:  Tastes bitter (dangerous)  Slippery feeling (dangerous)  Dissolves fats, oils, wool, & hair (lye)  Neutralizes acids to form salt and water.  All have Hydroxides (OH)

Bases Common Bases  NH 4 OH = Ammonia  NaOH = Lye  Mg(OH) 2 = Milk of Magnesia, Rolaids, Tums  NaHCO 3 = Sodium Bicarbonate: Baking Soda

pH Scale The pH scale is a range of values from that tells the concentration of Hydrogen ions in a solution. 0 = Most Acidic 7 = Neutral 14 = Most Basic

How do we know the pH of a substance?  pH Strips: turn various colors based on acid or base it touches- we used these in yesterday’s lab

Homework Read the article on page 48L Create 2 ‘quiz questions’ for the article.  Answer the questions