Reviewing basic skills in geography!

A globe is a round model of the Earth that shows its shape, lands, and directions as they truly relate to one another. A map is a flat drawing of all or part of Earth’s surface. Mapmakers use formulas to transfer information from the round globe to a flat map.

A good representation of true land shape and size Can’t be detailed because it’s large. Bulky & inconvenient Can show small details Shows different types of information Can be transported easily There might be distortion of land shape and size

Define distortion : Giving a misleading account or interpretation

Cartographers (mapmakers) have developed different “projections” to show Earth on a flat piece of paper.

Shows continents close to their true shapes and sizes. It’s helpful to compare land area among continents. Watch how different Greenland looks each time!

Shows land shapes accurately but not size or distance. Areas that are located far from the Equator are distorted.

Has minor distortions. Continents and oceans are close to their sizes and shapes, but the North and South poles appear flat.

To locate places on Earth, geographers use a system of imaginary lines that crisscross the globe. These lines are called latitude and longitude.

These lines run east to west and divide the earth into degrees. The letter N or S that follows the degree symbol tells you if the location is north or south of the Equator.

These lines run from the north pole to the south pole and divide the earth into degrees. The letter E or W that follows the degree symbol tells you if the location is east or west of the Prime Meridian.

Color and label the following items: Equator (RED) Prime Meridian (ORANGE) North Pole (USE PEN) South Pole (USE PEN) Tropic of Cancer: 23  North (BLUE) Tropic of Capricorn: 23  South (YELLOW )

The Prime Meridian divides the Earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres. Everything east of the Prime Meridian is in the Eastern Hemisphere. Everything west of the Prime Meridian is in the Western Hemisphere. The Equator divides the Earth into Northern and Southern hemispheres. Everything north of the Equator is the Northern Hemisphere. Everything south of the Equator is the Southern Hemisphere.

Rocks broken down into smaller pieces by water and ice, chemicals, or even plants. Weathered bits of rock are moved elsewhere by wind, water, or ice. Soil and rocks are added to a landform, building up layers of sediment.

A mountain with a crater/vent where lava erupts Sudden and violent movement of the Earth’s crust When soil is washed down steep hillsides due to an earthquake or heavy rain.

Use an atlas or your textbook to label each of the following: -North America -South America -Europe -Asia -Africa -Australia -Antarctica -Pacific Ocean -Atlantic Ocean -Indian Ocean -Arctic Ocean North America South America Europe Asia Africa Antarctica Australia Atlantic Ocean Arctic Ocean Indian Ocean Pacific Ocean