The Era of Social Change

Latino’s  Mexican American Largest group Braceros: temporary workers Lives in S.W. US and California

Other Latino’s  Puerto Ricans Lived in NY City  Cuban Refugees of Cuban Revolution Lived in Miami  Central America Escape the civil wars and chronic poverty

Latino’s  Life in America Faced discrimination and prejudice Poverty and unemployment very high

The Farm Worker Movement  Led by Cesar ChavezCesar Chavez  United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC) Union for farm workers Wanted higher wages and benefits

Cultural pride  “Brown Power” movement Young Latino's refer to themselves as “Chico’s” Brown Berets formed by David Sanchez  Community action group

Native Americans  Popular stereotypes Lacked ability to control and govern themselves Looked at as 1 group Poorest Americans Highest unemployment rate High infant mortality rate Low life expectancy

American Indian Movement  Militant group  Against Police brutality Wounded Knee  Seized the town  Ended in shootout and gov’t promise to reexamine policies

Native American Victories  1972 Indian Education Act  1975 Indian Self- determination and education Assistance Act  Regained land from broken treaties

Women Fight for Equality  Feminism Belief that women should have economic, political, and social equality with men

Workplace  1960 – 40% of women worked Clerks, servants, retail sales, nurse  Women and Activism Within civil rights movement women assigned lesser roles

Betty Friedan  The Feminine Mystique Captured the discontent women were feeling

National Organization for Women  NOW Pushed for child-care facilities Enforcement of Civil Rights Act of 1964

Legal and Social Gains  1972 congress ban on discrimination  Tax break for working parents  Roe v. Wade Roe v. Wade Women’s right to have an abortion during the first 3 month’s

Equal Rights Amendment  ERA – would guarantee equality  Pro-family movement Feared drafting of women End of husband responsibilitieshusband

The legacy  ERA defeated  Expanded career opportunities  Changed attitudes towards family

Counterculture  A movement made up of mostly of white, middle-class college youths who turned there backs to traditional America.

“Tune In, Turn on, Drop Out”Tune In, Turn on, Drop Out  Wanted to create a community of peace, love and harmony  Movement marked by music, outrageous clothing, sexual freedom and drugs  San Francisco becomes the center Haight-Ashbury

In the 60s, thousands of teenagers became part of the “counterculture.” These “hippies” rebelled against the traditional American culture. Hippies believed in a world free of war and hate and full of peace and love The hippie look was long hair, tie-dyed shirts, and use of drugs like marijuana, LSD and heroin

Famous music groups of the Hippie Movement The Beatles Jimi Hendrix Bob Dylan Jim Morrison and the Doors Music played a large part of the Hippie Movement Jefferson Airplane

Summer of Love  Young people from all over the country went to San Francisco to listen to music, take drugs, and “be”  Long haired men & women – called hippies  They brought these ideas back to their homes  The sensibilities of the youth did not jive with those of their parents Birth control, premarital sex

WoodstockWoodstockWoodstockWoodstock Music festival held in upstate New York in 1969 that exemplified the counterculture of the 1960s Thirty-two of the best-known musicians of the day performed in front of nearly half a million concert-goers Woodstock is regarded as one of the greatest moments in pop music history

1968: Turbulent Year Martin Luther King shot in April of 1968 Robert F. Kennedy shot in June of 1968 Tet Offensive showed U.S. was not winning the Vietnam War Riots occurred at the Democratic National Convention in August of 1968

Decline of the movement  Violence and disillusionment  Drug addiction  become dependent on society

Art

The Conservative Response  Believed that counterculture abandoned rational thought in favor of self-expression  Wanted to set the nation on more conservative course.