US History Exploration and Colonization Overview

Pequot War First Serious armed conflict First Serious armed conflict between the Native Americans settlers of New England. Numerous previous conflicts over property, damage to Indian fields, hunting and dishonest trade dealings. The Pequot were outgunned, a smallpox epidemic had also weakened the tribe. 1637, the Pequot leader Sassacus is captured, main village destroyed and the Pequot were finished.

The Causes of European Exploration The main cause of European Exploration is trade. They wished to send out ships that would return with materials from the East. The other reason for exploration was greed. There was thought to be fortunes in India and China just waiting to be found.

Rise of England as an Exploration power At first English colonies were promoted by wealthy southwestern Englishmen. At first English colonies were promoted by wealthy southwestern Englishmen. The colonist raised plantation crops and mined for gold and silver which generated new wealth for England helping them expand the English empire. They were rivals with Spain which motivated them.

Main differences of the Spanish, French and English Colonies Spanish colonies were hostile toward Native Americans while French colonies were cooperative with the Native Americans and English Colonies were sometimes hostile and sometimes cooperative. Spanish colonies were hostile toward Native Americans while French colonies were cooperative with the Native Americans and English Colonies were sometimes hostile and sometimes cooperative. Spain wanted Gold and Glory. France wanted the fur trade. England wanted religious freedom and mercantilism. Spain wanted Gold and Glory. France wanted the fur trade. England wanted religious freedom and mercantilism.

Main Characteristics of the New England, Middle and Southern Colonies Southern Colonies Southern Colonies Center of trade Middle Colonies Middle Colonies More religiously tolerant and diverse New England Colonies New England Colonies Short growing season… trade and commerce brought prosperity.

Bacon’s Rebellion Berkley angered the Virginian Colonists Berkley angered the Virginian Colonists Bacon and his followers drove out Berkley and burned the town. Bacon and his followers drove out Berkley and burned the town. Even after the rebellion collapsed Berkley was discredited and returned to England. Even after the rebellion collapsed Berkley was discredited and returned to England.

Headright System England would grant land to the people who moved to Virginia with intent to live there. At first it was 50 acres per person. The original headright system started in 1618 England would grant land to the people who moved to Virginia with intent to live there. At first it was 50 acres per person. The original headright system started in 1618

King Philip’s War Metacom led a rebellion against the English settlers of New England Metacom led a rebellion against the English settlers of New England Over 600 colonists and 3,000 Native Americans died in this bloody confrontation Over 600 colonists and 3,000 Native Americans died in this bloody confrontation Metacom was beheaded Metacom was beheaded

House of Burgesses The House of Burgesses was the first representative body in colonial America. The House of Burgesses was the first representative body in colonial America. Male landowners over 17 years of age voted for two people to represent their settlement in the House of Burgesses. Male landowners over 17 years of age voted for two people to represent their settlement in the House of Burgesses.

Joint Stock Company A business gamble that was both run and founded by not one person but a group of investors who were to share in both the company’s profits and losses. A business gamble that was both run and founded by not one person but a group of investors who were to share in both the company’s profits and losses.

Mercantilism Mercantilism was a policy that said an empire could build wealth and power by exporting manufactured goods in exchange for gold and silver. Mercantilism was a policy that said an empire could build wealth and power by exporting manufactured goods in exchange for gold and silver.

Navigation Acts

Triangular Trade

Salutary Neglect

Great Awakening

Puritans and Separatists

Mayflower Compact