The Civil War Begins. Ft. Sumter April 6, 1861 – President Lincoln announces that he is re-supplying Union troops at Fort Sumter, in Charleston Harbor.

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Presentation transcript:

The Civil War Begins

Ft. Sumter April 6, 1861 – President Lincoln announces that he is re-supplying Union troops at Fort Sumter, in Charleston Harbor (one of the most important federal posts that controlled the entrance to Charleston Harbor). Confederate leaders decided to attack Fort Sumter before the ships arrived. They opened fire at 4:30 a.m. on April 12, The Civil War had begun.

The fighting at Ft. Sumter lasted 34 hours. Many people who lived in the area brought picnics to watch the bombardment. In the end, the Union had no choice but to surrender. The attack on Ft. Sumter outraged Lincoln. He declared the South was in rebellion.

I. Leaders appointed A. Presidents 1. Lincoln was President in the Union a.Had little military experience b. Well-respected

2. Jefferson Davis was President of the Confederacy a. Graduated from West Point (military school) b. Relied on his own wisdom instead of listening to advisors

B. Generals 1. Robert E. Lee in the South a. Probably the best general on either side b. Loved by his troops and Southerners in general

2. Many generals in the North a. Most of the best leaders in the Army went South b. Lincoln tried several different generals before the North started winning c.Finally settled on Ulysses S. Grant

III. Plans on both sides A. Union 1. Blockade Southern ports 2.Seize control of the Mississippi 3.Capture Confederate Capitol (Richmond,Virginia)

B. Confederacy 1. Keep the Union out ! 2.Get help from France and Britain

IV. First real battle - First Battle of Bull Run A. Union Army met the Confederate Army outside of the Washington, D.C. at a creek called Bull Run

B.Northern spectators came to watch C.Both sides assumed it would be a quick victory D.The battle turned in favor of the Confederates and the Union Army was forced to retreat

E.The First Battle of Bull Run shows that neither side is prepared for a long fight

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