Future Tense

Contrasting ‘will’ and future continuous

A promise or a plan? 1a. Don’t worry. I’ll pick up the kids after work. Will + do  1b. I’m going to pick up the kids after work. Then we’re going to go straight home. Be going to do  promise / willingness future plan

An activity in progress or a beginning of an activity? 2a. Don’t call Bob at six. He’ll probably be eating dinner then. Future continuous  2b. Don’t call Bob at six. He’ll probably start eating dinner then. Simple future  Activity in progress in the near future Probable future events

Simple future (will)  Simple future (will + V)  A promise / willingness (particularly “I”)  Probably future events  Predictions about future situations

Be going to V future  Simple future (be going to do)  Probable and immediate future events  Strong intensions  Predictions about the future situations  Future plans

What do they mean?  I’ll finish this tomorrow. a promise a promise  I’m going to finish this tomorrow. a plan a plan  She’ll be very successful, I’m sure. a prediction about future a prediction about future  I’m going to travel to Hawaii next month. a future plan a future plan

A question with ‘will’ 1. Will you stop at the post office? A request 2. Are you going to stop at the post office tomorrow? A question about a plan * It may lead to a more indirect and polite request. “Could you send this package then?”

1.Make direct request with “Will you ~?” 2. Make indirect requests after finding out plans. (Will you be ~ing?) 1. You want to borrow your friend’s math notes. Direct request: Will you loan me your math notes? Will you loan me your math notes? Indirect request: You: Will you be using your math notes tonight? You: Will you be using your math notes tonight? Friend: No. Friend: No. You: Could I borrow your notes then? You: Could I borrow your notes then?

2. You want your friend to drive you to school. Direct request: Will you drive me to school? Indirect request: You: Will you be going somewhere this afternoon? Friend: Yes, I’ll be going to a store. You: Could you give me a ride to school then?

3. You would like to use your brother’s car. Direct request: Will you let me use your car? Indirect request: You: Will you be using your car tonight? Your brother: No. You: Could you let me drive it then?

4. You friend is going to buy concert tickets and you would like one, too. Direct request: Will you buy me a ticket, too? Indirect request: You: Will you be buying the concert tickets soon? Friend: Yes, I’ll be going to the box office tomorrow. You: Could you buy me one, too? I’ll pay you back.

Future continuous (will be –ing)  Zezo will be eating lunch after class today.  Events that will be in progress in the near future  Kate will be studying at IELC from June until she gets 80 points on TOEFL.  Future events that will last for a period of time (probably short time)

The present continuous 1. is / am / are + verb gerund (--ing) 2. Use the present continuous to express: Planned events (It is more definite than “be going to.”) (You are SURE you will do it.) Compare: How sure are you? 1. I’m going to quit my job. I’m just so unhappy. 2. I’m quitting my job next month. I’ve been unhappy for too long.

The simple present Use the simple present: as future for scheduled events that usually CANNOT be changed. as future for scheduled events that usually CANNOT be changed. It is common in more formal situations. In a printed program: The conference starts on Tuesday and ends on Saturday.

Scheduled events in 3 ways Student: I’m leaving at noon, but I may have to wait for my friend. Or I’m going to leave home for a class at 5pm, but I might not go if I don’t feel like it. Soldier: I leave at 5am. Those are my orders.

Making predictions Use “be going to” to make predictions (tell what may happen in the future). Do not use other “future” forms. Lakers are going to win tonight. Everyone thinks so.  Lakers are winning tonight.  Lakers win tonight. It’s going to rain later.  It rains later. / It is raining later.

Future perfect (will have p.p)  Mike will have graduated from college by May next year.  Events that will happen before a certain time in the future   Ken will have worked for the company for 10 years in September.   Erika will have paid off her loan by the end of this month.

Future perfect continuous (will have been –ing)  By the end of this year, Helen will have been living in California for three years.  Events that go on up until a certain time in the future  Similar sentence:  By the end of this year, Helen will have lived in California for three years.

Change sentences.  I finish my homework. 1. Add “tonight.” I will finish my homework tonight. 2. Add “at 9pm.” I will be finishing my homework at 9pm tonight. 3. Strong intention I’m going to finish my homework tonight no matter what.

I finish my homework. 4. Promise I will finish my homework tonight. I promise! 5. Tonight  by the end of next week I will have finished my homework by the end of next week.

Answer the questions.  Who is going to go out after the class?  What will you be doing at 8am tomorrow?  What will you do to prove that you are serious about this class?  Will you bring a dictionary to the next class?  Will you be going to a grocery store tomorrow?  Will you be leaving Bakersfield someday?  When do we take the test?

Make questions using these words. 1. this fall  be going to (not so sure)/present or future cont. (sure) 2. The World Cup  be going to 3. to pass ESL70  simple future 4. Friday this week  future cont. or present cont.

5. someday  be going to (not sure) 6. at 8:05pm tonight  present cont. 7. please  simple future 8. by any chance  future cont. 9. the next bus  simple present 