The Israelites

YHWH & The Covenant YHWH YHWH Yahweh Yahweh Jehovah Jehovah God God Struck a covenant with His chosen people, the Israelites or Jews and promised them Canaan (Israel), a land “of milk & honey” Struck a covenant with His chosen people, the Israelites or Jews and promised them Canaan (Israel), a land “of milk & honey”

Abraham About 2000 BC? About 2000 BC? Real or myth? Real or myth? Seen as the “founder” of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam Seen as the “founder” of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam Accepted Yahweh as the only true god Accepted Yahweh as the only true god His descendants are the Israelites His descendants are the Israelites

Moses 1390 – 1270 BC? 1390 – 1270 BC? Real or myth? Real or myth? Raised in Pharaoh’s household Raised in Pharaoh’s household Brought 10 plagues on Egypt Brought 10 plagues on Egypt Led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt Led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt Parted the Red Sea Parted the Red Sea Received the Ten Commandments Received the Ten Commandments Recorder of the Torah Recorder of the Torah

The Ten Commandments = basis for the legal system of the Israelites

The Ten Commandments Ten Commandments (+ Roman law) become the foundation for all modern western law Ten Commandments (+ Roman law) become the foundation for all modern western law The basic moral code for Jews, Christians, and Muslims, & “nonbelievers” raised in Europe/Americas The basic moral code for Jews, Christians, and Muslims, & “nonbelievers” raised in Europe/Americas

The Ark of the Covenant

David 1037 – 971 BC 1037 – 971 BC Some archaeological evidence exists that David was a real king of Israel Some archaeological evidence exists that David was a real king of Israel Supposedly killed a giant with just his slingshot as a boy Supposedly killed a giant with just his slingshot as a boy Seen as a righteous, yet flawed king Seen as a righteous, yet flawed king “Line of David” becomes important “Line of David” becomes important

Solomon 971 – 931 BC (reign) 971 – 931 BC (reign) Son of David Son of David Known as an incredibly wise and just king (Judgment of Solomon) Known as an incredibly wise and just king (Judgment of Solomon) Built the First Jewish Temple, in Jerusalem Built the First Jewish Temple, in Jerusalem Had 700 wives?! Had 700 wives?! The Queen of Sheba? The Queen of Sheba?

Solomon’s Temple

Israel divided

The Babylonian Captivity

The 2 nd Jewish Temple

The Torah: Jewish version of the stories of Abraham and Moses The Five Books of Moses (The Pentateuch) The Five Books of Moses (The Pentateuch) Genesis Genesis Exodus Exodus Leviticus Leviticus Numbers Numbers Deuteronomy Deuteronomy

The Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) Consists of three parts of which the Torah is the first and holiest Consists of three parts of which the Torah is the first and holiest Roughly equivalent to the Christian Old Testament Roughly equivalent to the Christian Old Testament

The Talmud Written 200 – 500 AD Written 200 – 500 AD Book of rabbinic discussion on Jewish law, ethics, customs, and history Book of rabbinic discussion on Jewish law, ethics, customs, and history Interprets the Tanakh and applies it to everyday life Interprets the Tanakh and applies it to everyday life

The Old Testament : Christian version of the stories of Abraham and Moses

The Qu’ran : Muslim version of the stories of Abraham and Moses