Energy for Life: Photosynthesis, Respiration, and Fermentation

Chloroplasts The green oval-shaped structure that gives plants their green color. It is found within the cytoplasm. It function to capture energy from the sun to produce food (glucose) for the cell.

Photosynthesis The process of changing light energy into chemical energy. Energy is stored as food, also known as glucose. Photosynthesis occurs in plants and some algae. Plants need light energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

Photosynthesis This process takes place in the chloroplasts, using chlorophyll, the green pigment in plants. The chemical equation for photosynthesis is: 6 CO H 2 O → C 6 H 12 O O 2 Click on the following link to see an illustration of photosynthesis: html html

Mitochondria Looks like a kidney-bean shaped organelle. It is found floating in the cytoplasm. It functions as the “power-house” because it changes energy stored in food compounds into a useful form of energy.

Respiration Using oxygen to break down glucose molecules to release energy. This process is also known as cellular respiration. There are two stages to respiration: – The 1 st stage takes place in the cytoplasm. – The 2 nd stage takes place in the mitochondria. The chemical equation for respiration is: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 --> 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy

Respiration Con’t. Click on the link below to watch an animation about photosynthesis and respiration: html html

Fermentation The breaking down of glucose without using oxygen. Therefore this process can be described as occurring in the absence of what element? __________ This process is also known as anaerobic respiration.

Fermentation Con’t. There are two types of fermentation: – Alcoholic: produces alcohol, energy, and CO2 Occurs when bread is being baked. – Lactic-Acid: produces energy and lactic acid. Occurs during a very fast run.