Chapter 7 Western Musical Instruments

Strings They are bowed and plucked – Violin – Viola – Cello (also Violoncello) – Double Bass

Strings Special effects – Legato – Staccato – Pizzicato – Vibrato – Glissando – Tremolo – Trill – Double-stopping – Mute – Harmonics

More on Strings Harp – arpeggio Guitars – Think you know about these

Woodwinds Flute Oboe English Horn (like Oboe) Clarinet Bassoon (sounds like a lower oboe) Saxophone

Brass Trumpet French Horn Trombone Tuba Cornet (similar to trumpet)

Percussion Timpani (kettledrums)—A Pitched instrument Snare Drum Bass Drum Tambourine Gong Triangle Cymbals Keyboards – – Xylophone – Marimba – Vibraphone – Glockenspiel – Celeste

Keyboard Pianoforte (piano) Organ Harpsichord

Chapter 10 – Musical Ensembles A cappella– Sung without accompaniment Chamber music– two to about a dozen players String Quartet – 2 violins, a viola, and a cello Symphony Orchestra – See page – The conductor uses a baton to direct. Has a particular pattern in which he “waves his arms.” – Concertmaster—First violinist of orchestra.