Bell Ringer Review the following terms from your vocabulary list: – Subsistence Agriculture – Enclosure Movement – Crop Rotation – Seed Drill Predict what we will be talking about today. Be sure to explain why. – “Today, I believe…” “I believe this because…”

Pre-industrial society You are an artisan producing stationery. Using a writing utensil and the piece of paper, create a detailed piece of stationery. – Adorn it with creative touches to make it appealing to the eye. Be precise and artistic. The most elaborate piece of stationery will receive 5 Bobcat Bucks!

Change to industrialism Can I get a volunteer? How did you feel as an artisan crafting your product? What are the advantages of producing stationery by hand? Disadvantages? What are the advantages of producing stationery by hole-punch? Disadvantages? Overall, is the hole-punch machine an improvement in making stationery? Why or why not?

What do you see? What are the people doing? How would you describe how they are dressed? How might they feel about their work?

Pre-industrial farming Farming villages - each grew enough food to feed itself Land separated into three fields: grain, oats, fallow (empty; to regain fertility)

Peasants lived at subsistence level – Owned basic necessities Families supplemented income through hunting, fishing, mining, brewing beer Advantages to this way of life? Disadvantages?

Forces of Change in the 18 th century 1.Population growing 2.Napoleon’s blockade on England Blockade prevented imports into England No imports = farmers needing to produce more food Improved farming techniques were needed…

What do you see? What’s the benefit of farming all four fields at once instead of leaving fields empty? What might the arrow represent? How might this affect production?

Agricultural Revolution 1. More efficient land use A.Enclosure movement – Landlords fenced in common land – Larger fields = more output – Less workers = more profit

2. Improved methods of farming A.Crop Rotation – Eliminated leaving land empty – Grew crops that increased fertility B.Seed drill – Implanted seeds into ground deeper and faster – More seeds caught = increased food

3. New crops from the New World A.Maize (Indian corn) – Higher yields than grain – It’s A-maize-ing! B.Potato – Easy to grow anywhere – High in nutrients = healthier people

Effects of Agricultural Revolution New farming techniques increased output More food available = healthier people (death rates fell) = POPULATION BOOM! Growing demand = need for new technology

Why did Britain lead the way? 1.Natural resources of coal and iron a.Used to power and build new technology 2.Abundant amount of labor a.Fewer farmers (Enclosure) = more city workers 3.New technology a.Invented to meet growing demand for goods 4.Economic stability a.Trade overseas = wealth ($$$) - invest in new technology 5.Stable government a.Constitutional monarchy (people had say)

Ag Rev: Then and now Land Use

Ag Rev: Then and now Seed Drill

Ag Rev: Then and now New Crops - Then Clover Maize Potato

Ag Rev: Then and now New Crops - Now GMO – Genetically Modified Organisms Hybrids