‘What is Chemistry? Video What is chemistry? What are some ways chemistry affects our lives – what is it used for?

Alchemy A Penny for your thoughts! Why do you think alchemists wanted to turn ordinary things into gold? Were they successful? Do you think it is possible now to turn metal into gold? DEMO!!!!

Penny for your Thoughts Similar to alchemists Gather evidence (observations!) Wrap Up What did you observe? What do you think happened to turn the penny silver? What do you think happened to turn the penny gold? Do you think we made real gold? How could you fined out?

Intro to Matter How do you think studying matter can help us decide if we can turn a penny into gold? Activity Chemistry is the study of matter. Begin investigation by defining matter. You will answer the question, “What is matter?” When you have finished ALL of worksheet – send one person from your group to put definition on the board.

Intro to Matter – Wrap Up Which items are clearly matter? What are the properties of matter you came up with? Which items are clearly NOT matter Which items are up for discussion? If an item is NOT matter, what is it? Definitions of matter. Do you think air is matter? Why or why not? (HOMEWORK )

CHEMISTRY THE STUDY OF MATTER, ITS CHANGES AND THE ENERGY ASSOCIATED WITH IT

MATTER - ANYTHING THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACE

MATTER SUBSTANCES CompoundsElements MIXTURES Homogeneous (Solutions) Heterogeneous

MATTER

SUBSTANCES

SUBSTANCE - MATTER THAT HAS A DEFINITE COMPOSITION; ALSO KNOWN AS A CHEMICAL

MATTER SUBSTANCES CompoundsElements

ELEMENT - A PURE SUBSTANCE THAT CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN NTO SIMPLER SUBSTANCES BY PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL MEANS ELEMENT CONSISTS OF ONLY ONE KIND OF ATOM S, Al, Au, Na, He

COMPOUND - A CHEMICAL COMBINATION OF TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT ELEMENTS CAN BE BROKEN DOWN INTO SIMPLER SUBSTANCES BY CHEMICAL MEANS HAS DIFFERENT PROPERTIES THAN ITS COMPONENT ELEMENTS Rust (FeO), Salt (NaCl),Water (H 2 O)

Separate Elements X and Y Mixture of Elements X and Y Compounds of Elements X and Y

MATTER SUBSTANCES CompoundsElements MIXTURES

MIXTURES - A PHYSICAL BLEND OF TWO OR MORE SUBSTANCES IN ANY PROPORTION IN WHICH EACH SUBSTANCE RETAINS ITS INDIVIDUAL PROPERTIES CAN BE SEPARATED BY PHYSICAL MEANS

MATTER SUBSTANCES CompoundsElements MIXTURES Homogeneous (Solutions) Heterogeneous

HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE - A MIXTURE THAT DOES NOT HAVE A UNIFORM COMPOSITION AND IN WHICH THE INDIVIDUAL SUBSTANCE REMAINS DISTINCT Chicken Noodle Soup, Italian Dressing, Chocolate Chip Ice Cream

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE - SOLUTION MIXTURE THAT HAS A UNIFORM COMPOSITION THROUGHOUGHT AND ALWAYS HAS A SINGLE PHASE Soda, Air, Chocolate Ice Cream

Which is it? Element Compound Mixture

Element, Compound or Mixture ?

Element

Element, Compound or Mixture ?

Element

Element, Compound or Mixture ?

Mixture

Element, Compound or Mixture ?

Mixture

Element, Compound or Mixture ?

Compound

Element, Compound or Mixture ?

Compound

Element, Compound or Mixture ?

A mixture of a compound and an element Last slide

NUTS AND BOLTS ACTIVITY

CHEMISTRY THE STUDY OF MATTER, ITS CHANGES AND THE ENERGY ASSOCIATED WITH IT

HOW DO WE DESCRIBE MATTER AND ITS CHANGES? PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL ENERGY

MATTER - ANYTHING THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACE

PHYSICAL PROPERTY- A CHARACTERISTIC OF MATTER THAT CAN BE OBSERVED OR MEASURED WITHOUT CHANGING THE SAMPLE’S COMPOSITION

EXAMPLES:PHYSICAL PROPERTY- DENSITY COLOR TASTE HARDNESS MELTING POINT MALLEABILIT Y SOLUBILITY

CHEMICAL PROPERTY- THE ABILITY OR INABILITY OF A SUBSTANCE TO COMBINE WITH OR CHANGE INTO ONE OR MORE NEW SUBSTANCES

EXAMPLES:CHEMICAL PROPERTIES RUSTS DECOMPOSES FORMS GREEN COMPOUND FLAMMABILITY

PHYSICAL CHANGE A TYPE OF CHANGE THAT ALTERS THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A SUBSTANCE BUT DOES NOT CHANGE ITS COMPOSITION

EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL CHANGES- CUTTING RIPPING GRINDING DISSOLVING MELTING FREEZING EVAPORATION CONDENSATION

CHEMICAL CHANGE A PROCESS INVOLVING ONE OR MORE SUBSTANCES CHANGING INTO NEW SUBSTANCES; ALSO CALLED A CHEMICAL REACTION

EXAMPLES OF CHEMICAL CHANGES- COMBUSTION DECOMPOSITION CORROSION RUSTING

EVIDENCE OF CHEMICAL CHANGE- 1. COLOR CHANGE 2. BUBBLES – GAS FORMED 3. SOLID FORMED (PRECIPITATE) 4. ENERGY ABSORBED OR RELEASED

ENERGY Why is energy not matter? What is it? Can you put it in a box and give it to someone? Does a cup of coffee contain energy? Explain. ENERGY – ability of a system to do work or supply heat. Heat Light Electricity Energy does NOT have mass OR take up space so NOT matter.

What is density? Comparison of how much matter there is in a certain amount of space. Amount of mass per unit volume

What is mass? Mass Amount of matter (“stuff”) in a substance NOT the same as weight Weight depends on gravitational pull, mass does not (you weigh LESS on moon but SAME mass) Common units: grams, kilograms Measured on scale or balance

What is volume? Volume Amount of space occupied by a substance Liquids –graduated cylinder Box = length x width x height Irregular shapes – water displacement Gases – volume same as container Common units: milliliters, cm 3

What is density? Indirect Measurement - measure mass, volume then calculate Physical property that can be used to identify unknown substance

Which one is more dense? How about this: Which square is more dense?

Which one is more dense? Now which one is more dense?

Sink of Float? What does density have to do with it? SINK Density of object is LESS than density of liquid FLOAT  Density of object is MORE than density of liquid Liquid is often water so you need to MEMORIZE: DENSITY OF WATER = 1.0g/mL or 1.0 g/cm 3

What is density? Density = mass volume D = M V Units : g, _g_ m = D x v cm 3 mLV= m D D m v

Example Density Problems 1. An unknown liquid has a mass of 30.6 g and a volume of 52.3 mL. What is the density of the liquid?

Example Density Problems 1. You find a diamond and know that it’s density is 3.52 g/cm 3, it’s mass is 8.3 grams, what is it’s volume?