Copy & define the 7 ‘key terms’ from pg. 93.

monsoon winds summer vs. winter Arabian Sea: west Bay of Bengal: east Indian Ocean: south Himalayan mountains: north Indus River & Ganges River deserts & rainforests

very diverse geography Himalayan Mountains to the north surrounding by water on all other coasts monsoons: seasonal winds that bring heavy rains in summer & cool, dry air in winter 2 primary rivers: Indus & Ganges

~3000 to 1500 BC main cities along Indus River: Mohenjo-Daro & Harappa cities laid out in grid pattern w/ sewage systems farming civilization w/ Mesopotamia as trading partner no particular reason for why civilization ended?!? possibly floods, change in climate, earthquake, change of river currents, etc.

1. From what river does India get its name? 2. What is another name for the Indus Civilization? 3. What mountain range borders India to its north? 4. Name 2 of the 3 major bodies of water that border India’s coasts. 5. What is the term for the weather system that brings India heavy rains in the summer and cold, dry weather in the winter?

1500 to 400 BC: Indo-European people, settled by Ganges River not sure where exactly from??? written language---Sanskrit: ~1000 BC local rulers: rajas fought each other very patriarchal practice of suti/suttee: wife had to kill herself on husband’s funeral pyre (fire)

rigid caste system Brahmans: priests & scholars Kshatriyas: warriors Vaisyas: commoners (i.e. merchants/farmers) Sudras: peasants & manual laborers Untouchables: less than human (outcasts) had to live separate & have jobs that no one else would do

BC by Chandragupta Maurya (founder) drove out foreign forces & established capital at Pataliputra Asoka: grandson of Chandragupta Maurya was a Buddhist ruler set up hospitals for people & animals his sons battled for power, but ended up losing it

1 st to 3 rd centuries AD part of Silk Road b/w Rome & China traded ivory, pepper, cloth for wool/linen, glass trading was dangerous b/c goods were expensive, luxury goods

earliest literature from Aryans were stories of deeds of great warriors found in religious texts other gains: Earth was round & rotated on an axis concept of zero numeric symbols (that would eventually come to Europe through Arab traders)

Bhagavad Gita: technically part of Vedas. A speech by god Krishna before a battle, “when taking action, dont worry about the end result, only the moral rightness of the action itself”. Read about the Bhagavad Gita on pg Answer the respective question.

grew out of Aryan beliefs sacred writings: Vedas key concept: one main force called Brahman who is revealed through many gods/goddesses main god(s) – Brahman = creator Vishnu = preserver Siva = destroyer

people want to merge w/ Brahman: moksha can only merge if from the Brahman caste those who do not merge are reincarnated level of reincarnation determined by karma force generated by actions in life dharma: divine law that governs karma different castes have different expectations Hinduism: main religion in India

Using pg. 102, create a Venn Diagram (Dubble-Bubble Map) comparing/contrasting Jainism & Hinduism.

Complete the following chart on the characteristics of the Indian civilizations, using pg

JudaismBuddhismHinduismConfucianismChristianityIslam Number of followers world wide Key concepts Founder Name of deity Holy book Religious symbol