1. Drill – Do you think we truly have freedom of religion in this country? Do we deserve freedom of religion? Why or why not? 2. Homework – Due on WEDNESDAY. Read and outline pages 225 – 227 (Revolutions in England – the end of the section) 3. Is religion a legitimate reason to go to war?

Europe in Crisis: The Wars of Religion

I. Spain’s Conflicts Calvinism vs. Catholicism  Spain’s Militant Catholicism  King Philip II  Son of Charles V  Inherited Spain, the Spanish Netherlands, and American Colonies from Charles  Deeply religious (Catholic)  Seized Portugal when the King died  Ruled over empire that circled the globe

King Philip II, defender of Catholocism

 Problems in the Netherlands  Dutch revolt – Netherlands was Calvinist, and fought for their independence from Spain.  William the Silent – a prince in northern Netherlands, finally won independence for his chunk of land.

 Protestantism in England  Elizabeth Tudor took throne in 1558  New Act of Supremacy made Elizabeth the head of church and state  Moderate Protestantism made everyone happy  Wanted a balance of power between Spain and France

Queen Elizabeth I, defender of Protestantism

 Spanish Armada  Spain’s navy attacks England  Philip II wants England Catholic  Spanish armada defeated by the British navy and weather  Spain no longer a great power. Power shifted to England and France.

 French Wars of Religion  Huguenots = French Protestants  Only 7% of total population, but almost all were nobles so were a big threat to the French king.  Henry IV – Protestant, but switched to Catholic to please the Catholic majority in France.  Passed Edict of Nantes – made France officially Catholic, but gave Huguenots total religious freedom