1. Bellringer Download today’s notes: Europe in Crisis 1 Notes Answer the following question: Are there religious conflicts in today’s world? If so, how do they influence political and daily life around the world?

2. Essential Question What effect might social, economic, and religious conflicts have on a country?

3. It Matters Because During the 16 th and 17 th centuries, conflicts between Protestants and Catholics in many European nations resulted in wars for religious and political control. Social and economic crises also contributed to instability during these centuries.

4. Religion in Europe, 1650

5. Philip II of Spain

6. Height of Spanish Power Map in Lesson 1

7. Philip II of Spain

8. Queen Elizabeth I of England Queen Elizabeth I of England became the leader of the Protestant nations of Europe and laid the foundation for a world empire Became the “only supreme governor” of the church and state Moderate ruler – tried to keep a balance of power between Spain and France – supported the weaker nation when one became too powerful Supported the Dutch against the Spanish

9. Spanish Armada In 1588 Philip II sent an armada to invade England. Why? Destroyed most of the Spanish fleet. Why is this important? Spain become bankrupt, too much money on war, armed forces out of date, inefficient government. Power shifts to England and France. What might have happened had the Spanish Armada successfully invaded England?

10. French Wars of Religion Catholic French king persecuted Protestants throughout France Huguenots (French Protestants) 7% of population, but 40- 50% of the nobility, opposed by an extreme Catholic party Religion important, but the the goal of the nobles to weaken the French monarchy was important too After 30 years of fighting, a Huguenot leader came to the throne but converted to Catholicism as Henry IV. Why? Issued the Edict of Nantes – recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France but also gave Huguenots rights to hold office and worship as they pleased – appeased both sides

12. Review! 1. Why was Philip II called “the most Catholic king?” 2. Why might the overthrow of Protestantism in England have been important to Philip II? 3. What triggered the French Wars of Religion? 4. What was the purpose of the Edict of Nantes?