CLASSICAL GREECE AND ROME Chapter 4 Section 1

Bellwork Terms to know Define them Page 128 Draw Chart Category Know Learn Greece Rome Roman Law Christianity

Classical Europe Ancient Greece and Rome 800 BC to 400 AD BCE…..CE

Ancient GReece Golden Age around 400s BC Polis -city-state ruled by a king -What is a “city-state”? Democracy -direct rule of the people -What form of gov’t do we have in America? “Cradle of Democracy” -Trace beginnings of our political system/Greece

Athens…world’s 1 st democratic constitution -All free men over 20 –vote-speak freely Produced great works in… -Philosophy -”love of wisdom” -study that focuses on asking/answering questions on ethics, existence, knowledge and logic -Literature -Drama

Great Philosophers Socrates Plato -Student of Socrates -Sought to understand & explain human nature Aristotle -Student of Plato -wrote powerful works dealing with politics and ethics Video Socrates

Conflict between City - States Sparta vs. Athens -Spartans…..(Michigan State) MAP…Location Fought each other then joined together to fight the invading Persians………………….Where is Persia? Fought each other again called… -Peloponnesian War -Sparta won…further dividing Greece Trojan Horse Video….Troy……..(USC Trojans) Trojan Horse Video

Greek Culture Spreads Macedonia King Phillip II -Where is Macedonia?? Famous son….Alexander the Great -invaded many lands -Map p129 -All of Persia to India -South to Egypt -Greek culture spread throughout these lands -Alexandria Egypt…library/museum…Died 32 Video Alexander the Great

Rise of Rome Legend of Romulus & Remus…raised by shewolfRomulus & Remus Built “city on 7 hills”…called this today. Where is Rome? Historical Rome -settled around 1000BC -700BC evolved into a major city-state and to dominate the peninsula. What is peninsula? -developed strong army to fight invaders from the North coming down peninsula -Borrowed Greek alphabet, influenced art, religion and mythology

Roman Republic Started an Monarchy but changed to Republic Republic -people choose their leaders to represent them Rome led by 2 consuls Consul -individuals elected by people of Rome to represent them in gov’t -reported to senate…landowners/life term

Foundation of Roman Law…12 Tables -Bronze tablets where laws were written -wills, courts, property laws Ancient Greek and Roman Contributions to Western Civilization… 1.Greek Democracy 2.Republican Gov’t 3.Roman Law

From Republic to Empire 250BC-150BC Series of Roman Wars led to growth of Roman Empire MAP p. 129 Mediterranean Sea surrounded by Roman Empire New peoples given Roman citizenship & equality under Roman law. How is that different ?????? Traded as far away as India & China Senate lost power to Emperor Emperor -absolute ruler

Julius Caesar…44BC was to be the 1 st emperor but was killed (Brutus) Led to civil wars Caesar’s nephew…Octavius became first Roman Emperor called... -Caesar Augustus…(does the name ring a bell?) 200 yrs peace & prosperity….Pax Romana

Roman Achievements Built massive temples, stadiums and baths -ColosseumColosseum -PantheonPantheon -aqueducts overhead channels that carried water long distances -roads for trade/ travel(people)roads for trade/ travel(people)

Christianity and Rome Jesus born under rule of Caesar Augustus Teaching / Preaching in time of Pax Romana Christian Church established in Rome by disciples Peter and Paul Despite terrible persecution (?), Christianity spread throughout Roman Empire AD 300s, Roman Emperors Constantine & Theodosius, Christianity became official religion of Roman Empire

Decline of Rome Constantine moved Roman capitol from Rome to Constantinople in AD 330 on the Black Sea Map p129…. Locate it.…country of today??? Could not reform gov’t and save empire Disease from Asia killed many (Germ Theory) AD 400s, army grew weak and could not defend empire Germanic peoples invaded & ruled over Rome, Italy and most of Empire Eastern part of Empire did not fall to Germanic people and continued on for another 1000 yrs until conquered by Ottoman Turks in 1453…Map p129 pink area

Ancient Greece and Rome…The Finish Page 131….Recalling the Facts Answer 1,2 Handout