CHINA

G - GEOGRAPHY THE GEOGRAPHY OF ANCIENT CHINA SHAPED THE WAY THE CULTURE DEVELOPED. THE LARGE LAND WAS ISOLATED FROM MUCH OF THE REST OF THE WORLD: DESERTS TO THE NORTH AND WEST DESERTS TO THE NORTH AND WEST PACIFIC OCEAN TO EAST PACIFIC OCEAN TO EAST IMPASSABLE MOUNTAINS TO THE SOUTH. IMPASSABLE MOUNTAINS TO THE SOUTH. THIS ENABLED CHINA TO DEVELOP INDEPENDANTLY Himalaya Mtn. – Southern Border Himalaya Mtn. – Southern Border Gobi Desert – Western Border Gobi Desert – Western Border Huang He (Yellow River) Huang He (Yellow River) "China's Sorrow" terrible floods "China's Sorrow" terrible floods occurred throughout history occurred throughout history Chang Jiang (Yangtze River) Chang Jiang (Yangtze River) XI (Pearl) XI (Pearl) The rich soil produced by the Huang He (yellow) called loess. Rich soil helped farmers grow large amounts of food. The rich soil produced by the Huang He (yellow) called loess. Rich soil helped farmers grow large amounts of food. These rivers also became very important for trade and transportation. These rivers also became very important for trade and transportation. China had very fertile valleys, but only one-tenth of it could be farmed. China had very fertile valleys, but only one-tenth of it could be farmed.

ANCIENT CHINA MAP

R- RELIGION R- RELIGION Ancient Chinese honored ancestors (long dead family members) Ancient Chinese honored ancestors (long dead family members) Mandate of Heaven – the right to rule came from the gods. Mandate of Heaven – the right to rule came from the gods. Oracle – a prediction, a person who makes a wise prediction Oracle – a prediction, a person who makes a wise prediction In addition to the 3 main Chinese philosophies, Buddhism entered China after the Han Dynasty began to become less stable. In addition to the 3 main Chinese philosophies, Buddhism entered China after the Han Dynasty began to become less stable. Buddhism entered through Buddhism entered through CULTURAL DIFFUSION; THE SPREAD CULTURAL DIFFUSION; THE SPREAD OF IDEAS FROM ONE CULTURE TO OF IDEAS FROM ONE CULTURE TO ANOTHER. ANOTHER.

3 MAIN CHINESE PHILOSOPHIES Confucianism-Confucius -Urged people to follow the beliefs of their ancestors -having a sense of duty -Golden rule -Wrote a collection of teachings – the Analects -promotes peaceful society Daoism-Laozi -people should free themselves from worldly desires -Believe that Dao is the spiritual force behind all -promotes peaceful society Legalism-Hanfeizi -believed that humans, by nature make evil choices, need rules, punishments -stresses the importance of the legal system - Many aristocrats supported Legalism because it emphasized force.

A - ACHIEVEMENTS The Great Wall The Great Wall (under the Qin Dynasty) Acupuncture Acupuncture (needles for treating pain) (needles for treating pain) Waterwheels Waterwheels Silk Silk Cast iron plows Cast iron plows seismograph seismograph Paper Paper Rudder ships Rudder ships Wheel barrow Wheel barrow Gun powder Gun powder Fireworks Fireworks

P - POLITICS P - POLITICS

E - ECONOMY E - ECONOMY SEE SILK ROAD SEE SILK ROAD Traded cloth for horses Traded cloth for horses Produced Produced Silk Silk Jade Jade rice rice Paper Paper Rice Rice Iron Iron Terra cotta pots/goods Terra cotta pots/goods The Chang Jiang provided and excellent trade route The Chang Jiang provided and excellent trade route

The Silk Road Besides silk, the Chinese also exported (sold) teas, salt, sugar, porcelain, and spices. Most of what was traded was expensive luxury goods. This was because it was a long trip and merchants didn't have a lot of room for goods. They imported, or bought, goods like cotton, ivory, wool, gold, and silver.

S - SOCIETY S - SOCIETY Only boys of the wealthy class went to school. In ancient Chinese culture, family and government came before all else. Only boys of the wealthy class went to school. In ancient Chinese culture, family and government came before all else. Confucianism and Daoism both promoted a peaceful and ethical society Confucianism and Daoism both promoted a peaceful and ethical society Ancestors, elders and relationships. Ancestors, elders and relationships. Women were not treated equal to men Women were not treated equal to men