The Second World War Mr. Ermer World History Honors Miami Beach Senior High

Path To War 1920s: Hitler tells Germans they are destined to rule “a land to the east” 1920s: Hitler tells Germans they are destined to rule “a land to the east” Starts preparing for war with Soviet Union Starts preparing for war with Soviet Union 1935: Hitler creates an air force, starts draft 1935: Hitler creates an air force, starts draft This violates Treaty of Versailles This violates Treaty of Versailles 1936: Germany militarizes the Rhineland 1936: Germany militarizes the Rhineland Britain takes policy of “appeasement” Britain takes policy of “appeasement” Hitler backs up Italy’s invasion of Ethiopia Hitler backs up Italy’s invasion of Ethiopia Both support Franco in Spanish Civil War Both support Franco in Spanish Civil War Germany signs anti-commie treaty with Japan Germany signs anti-commie treaty with Japan Mussolini calls partnership Berlin-Rome Axis Mussolini calls partnership Berlin-Rome Axis

Nazis on the March 1938: Germany annexes Austria 1938: Germany annexes Austria Hitler demands part of Czechoslovakia Hitler demands part of Czechoslovakia Munich conf. grants Hitler the Sudetenland Munich conf. grants Hitler the Sudetenland 1939: Hitler takes the rest of western Czech 1939: Hitler takes the rest of western Czech Hitler also controls “independent” Slovakia Hitler also controls “independent” Slovakia Hitler threatens Poland, Britain offers help Hitler threatens Poland, Britain offers help France and Britain begin to negotiate with Joseph Stalin, know Soviets are powerful enough to hold off Germany in E. Europe France and Britain begin to negotiate with Joseph Stalin, know Soviets are powerful enough to hold off Germany in E. Europe

Nazis and Communism To prevent a two front war (like WWI) Hitler makes agreement with Stalin To prevent a two front war (like WWI) Hitler makes agreement with Stalin Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact Promises Stalin half of Poland and the Baltics Promises Stalin half of Poland and the Baltics Hitler plans to take those lands back when he attacks the Soviet Union anyway Hitler plans to take those lands back when he attacks the Soviet Union anyway September 1, 1939: Hitler invades Poland September 1, 1939: Hitler invades Poland September 3, 1939: The United Kingdom and France declare war on Germany September 3, 1939: The United Kingdom and France declare war on Germany

Japan’s Path To War September 1931: Japan seizes Manchuria September 1931: Japan seizes Manchuria League of Nations condemns the attack League of Nations condemns the attack Japan pulls out of the League of Nations Japan pulls out of the League of Nations Japanese begin to expand into N. China Japanese begin to expand into N. China China was in the middle of civil war China was in the middle of civil war 1936: Chiang Kai-shek (non-Communist) joins forces with Communists against Japanese, Japan takes capital of Nanjing 1936: Chiang Kai-shek (non-Communist) joins forces with Communists against Japanese, Japan takes capital of Nanjing Cheng moves the government upriver Cheng moves the government upriver

New Asian Order Japan wants the Chinese to join them in a New Asian Order where Japan can lead all of East Asia to prosperity, and power Japan wants the Chinese to join them in a New Asian Order where Japan can lead all of East Asia to prosperity, and power Japan wants eastern Russia (Siberia) Japan wants eastern Russia (Siberia) Japan and Germany join forces against USSR Japan and Germany join forces against USSR Germany’s nonaggression pact with Stalin makes Japan look south for resources Germany’s nonaggression pact with Stalin makes Japan look south for resources Japan invades SE Asia, Europe/US not happy Japan invades SE Asia, Europe/US not happy US imposes sanctions on Japan US imposes sanctions on Japan Japan launches a surprise attack on US and European targets in the Pacific/SE Asia Japan launches a surprise attack on US and European targets in the Pacific/SE Asia

Japan At War December 7, 1941: Japan bombs Hawaii December 7, 1941: Japan bombs Hawaii Also attack US Philippines and British Malaya Also attack US Philippines and British Malaya April 1942: Japan controls most of Asia and western Pacific Ocean April 1942: Japan controls most of Asia and western Pacific Ocean Japan establishes a “community” in Asia Japan establishes a “community” in Asia Japanese attacks unify Americans for war Japanese attacks unify Americans for war Hitler declares war on the United States, thinking the US will be distracted by Japan Hitler declares war on the United States, thinking the US will be distracted by Japan The world is at war—again. The world is at war—again.

Europe At War Europe is stunned by efficiency of Nazi army Europe is stunned by efficiency of Nazi army Blitzkrieg: “lightning war” 300 tanks supported by air and ground support Blitzkrieg: “lightning war” 300 tanks supported by air and ground support April 9, 1940: Hitler attacks Denmark, Norway April 9, 1940: Hitler attacks Denmark, Norway May 10: attack Netherlands, Belgium, France May 10: attack Netherlands, Belgium, France June 22: France surrenders, Germans control 3/5 of France, set up puppet government June 22: France surrenders, Germans control 3/5 of France, set up puppet government United States denounces Germany, stays out of war—isolationism, but supplies UK with weapons, food, planes, ships, supplies United States denounces Germany, stays out of war—isolationism, but supplies UK with weapons, food, planes, ships, supplies

The Battle of Britain August 1940: German Luftwaffe launches air attack of Great Britain—military only August 1940: German Luftwaffe launches air attack of Great Britain—military only Radar provides British early warning Radar provides British early warning British bomb Berlin, Hitler unleashes brutal air attack of British cities—London British bomb Berlin, Hitler unleashes brutal air attack of British cities—London Allows Britain to quickly rebuild air force Allows Britain to quickly rebuild air force Luftwaffe having trouble with new air force Luftwaffe having trouble with new air force Hitler postpones invasion of Britain Hitler postpones invasion of Britain

Attack on the Soviets Hitler thinks UK holding for hope of USSR Hitler thinks UK holding for hope of USSR Hitler wants British gone, attacks Soviets Hitler wants British gone, attacks Soviets Soviets did not have weapons like Germany Soviets did not have weapons like Germany Hitler expects Soviets to go down quick Hitler expects Soviets to go down quick Originally wanted to invade March 1941 Originally wanted to invade March 1941 Mussolini’s failed invasion of Greece delays plans Mussolini’s failed invasion of Greece delays plans Hitler invades USSR June 22, 1941 Hitler invades USSR June 22, 1941 Germany advances quickly, but Soviets stop them in early winter Germany advances quickly, but Soviets stop them in early winter Germans unprepared for Russian winter, fail Germans unprepared for Russian winter, fail

Battle of Stalingrad

Work Now On page 489, write and answer questions 1-5