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DO NOW Apr 13 Develop a system to classify teachers at PTHS. Develop a system to classify teachers at PTHS. You must have at least 5 different identifiers (factors) to classify teachers. You must have at least 5 different identifiers (factors) to classify teachers.

DO NOW ANSWERED Apr 13 Let’s share some of our strategies and systems. Are they logical systems of identification? Are they logical systems of identification?

DO NOW – Possible ANSWER 1. Department – Science, History, Math 1. Department – Science, History, Math 2. Subject Taught – Biology, Physics, Chemistry 2. Subject Taught – Biology, Physics, Chemistry 3. Classroom – 417, 410, Classroom – 417, 410, Gender of Teacher – Male or Female 4. Gender of Teacher – Male or Female 5. Physical Traits – Hair color, Eye color 5. Physical Traits – Hair color, Eye color

AGENDA April 13 OBJECTIVE: Classify different types of life based on evolutionary characteristics using an organized system. OBJECTIVE: Classify different types of life based on evolutionary characteristics using an organized system. 1. DO NOW 1. DO NOW Order in Diversity Order in Diversity 3. Review and Homework 3. Review and Homework –STUDY YOUR NOTES!!! –QUIZ TOMORROW!

Chapter 18: Classification

18-1: Order in Diversity Taxonomy – scientific classification of organisms with universally accepted names. What is the name of this animal? Cougar, panther, mountain lion, puma  All are acceptable.

Scientific Names Puma concolor Puma concolor Binomial Nomenclature Binomial Nomenclature Developed by Carolus Linnaeus Developed by Carolus Linnaeus Two-part scientific name Two-part scientific name Names are Italicized Names are Italicized –First letter-first word capitalized –Second word is lower-case – – Ursus maritimus –(GENUS) species name

Linnaeus’s System of Classification KingKINGDOM KingKINGDOM PhilipPHYLUM PhilipPHYLUM CameCLASS CameCLASS OverORDER OverORDER FromFAMILY FromFAMILY GreatGENUS GreatGENUS SpainSPECIES SpainSPECIES

18-2 Modern Evo Classification Evolutionary classification based upon evo history. Evolutionary classification based upon evo history. –Similar traits and appearances Phylogeny – grouping of organisms through lines of evolutionary descent. Phylogeny – grouping of organisms through lines of evolutionary descent. –Descent with modification

Cladograms appear in recent parts of lineage. Derived characteristics appear in recent parts of lineage. Used to construct Used to construct cladograms. – –Show evolutionary relationships Mini-LAB Page 453 Draw a cladogram Hint: Begin with a trait that only one organism is missing

Cladograms Arrange the following organisms into a cladogram. Arrange the following organisms into a cladogram. Lizard, Hamster, Salamander, Chimpanzee, Salmon Lizard, Hamster, Salamander, Chimpanzee, Salmon

Cladogram Examples

18-3 Kingdoms and Domains Five Kingdoms  SIX Kingdoms Five Kingdoms  SIX Kingdoms Eubacteria, Archaeabacteria, Protista, Eubacteria, Archaeabacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia Fungi, Plantae, Animalia THREE-Domain System THREE-Domain System 1. Eukarya 1. Eukarya 2. Bacteria 2. Bacteria 3. Archaea 3. Archaea

Three Domains 1. BACTERIA 1. BACTERIA – –Unicellular and prokaryotic – –Cell walls contain peptidoglycan – –Very diverse survival mechanisms 2. ARCHAEA 2. ARCHAEA – –Unicellular and prokaryotic bacteria – –Extreme environments, most are anaerobic – –Unique lipids in cell walls 3. EUKARYA 3. EUKARYA –Eukaryotic –Kingdom Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

Domain Eukarya PROTISTA PROTISTA Eukaryotic Not classified as animals, plants, or fungi – –characteristics of all three displayed Members have greatest variety Most unicellular Photosynthetic or Heterotrophic

Domain Eukarya FUNGI FUNGI Heterotrophs Heterotrophs –Feed on dead/decaying matter –Secrete digestive enzymes –Absorb smaller food molecules Multicellular – Mushrooms Multicellular – Mushrooms Unicellular - Yeast Unicellular - Yeast

Domain Eukarya PLANTAE PLANTAE Multicellular Multicellular Photosynthetic Photosynthetic Nonmotile Nonmotile Cell walls contain cellulose Cell walls contain cellulose Cone-bearing and Flowering Cone-bearing and Flowering Mosses and ferns Mosses and ferns

Domain Eukarya ANIMALIA ANIMALIA Multicellular Multicellular Heterotrophic Heterotrophic No cell walls No cell walls Have motility Have motility