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Earth’s Dimensions Dynamic Crust Rocks and Minerals 10 Point 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 10 Point 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points Earth’s History Prologue
An observer watching a sailing ship at sea notes that the ship appears to be "sinking" as it moves away. Which statement best explains this observation? 1. The surface of the ocean has depressions 2. The earth has a curved surface 3. The earth is rotating 4. The earth is revolving
2. The earth has a curved surface
Where on Earth’s surface would an observer find the greatest force due to the Earth's gravity?
The North Pole
What is the name of the true shape of the Earth?
An oblate sphere
The temperature on one side of a classroom is 27°C while on the other it is 19°C. The distance between the two thermometers is 16 meters. What is the temperature gradient?
.5°C / m
What happens to the density and pressure of rock in Earth’s interior as depth increases?
They both increase!
What is the highest possible elevation at point A? (Elevations are in feet) a.150 feet b.179 feet c.169 feet d. 180 feet A
b. 179 feet
What is the contour interval of the map below? (Elevations are in feet)
20 feet
In which direction is Mill River flowing?
Northeast
The inner and outer core of the Earth are both inferred to be made of what material(s)?
Nickel and Iron
Each color is separated by 15°. If it is 5:00 p.m. in Buffalo, NY, what time is it in Los Angeles, California?
2:00 p.m.
The absolute age of a rock is the approximate number of years ago that the rock formed. The absolute age of an igneous rock can best be determined by… 1. comparing the amounts of decayed and undecayed radioactive isotopes in the rock 2. comparing the sizes of the crystals found in the upper and lower parts of the rock 3. examining the rock’s relative position in a rock outcrop 4. examining the environment in which the rock is found
1. comparing the amounts of decayed and undecayed radioactive isotopes in the rock
In which type of environment were the sediments that formed these sedimentary rock layers most likely deposited?
Marine Or Underwater
Which rock type is the oldest?
Conglomerate
Based on the theory of plate tectonics, North America has moved in what direction relative to the Equator?
Northwest
Explain why Carbon-14 could not be used to determine the age of a trilobite fossil?
Trilobites are too old. Carbon-14 is used to date objects younger than 50,000 years old.
If an earthquake P-wave and S-wave arrive at a station 2 minutes and 40 seconds apart, what is the distance to the earthquake epicenter? 1.3,200 km 2.2,400 km 3.1,600 km 4.1,000 km
3. 1,600 km
Approximately how long does it take an earthquake p-wave to travel the first 6,500 km after an earthquake occurs?
10 minutes
A huge undersea earthquake could cause what catastrophic event?
A tsunami
State one reason why earthquakes occur more frequently on the west coast of the USA than the east coast?
Because the San Andreas Fault is on the west coast.
At a subduction zone, why does oceanic crust sink under continental crust?
It has a greater density.
What is the origin of fine-grained igneous rock? 1.Lava that cooled slowly on Earth’s surface 2.Lava that cooled quickly on Earth’s surface 3.Silt that settled slowly in ocean water 4.Silt that settled quickly in ocean water
2. Lava that cooled quickly on Earth’s surface
What are the primary uses for the mineral graphite?
Pencil lead/ lubricant
What are the two most abundant elements by mass found in Earth's crust?
Oxygen and silicon
If the mineral Wollastonite has a hardness of 4.5-5, name a mineral that could easily scratch Wollastonite?
Potassium feldspar Plagioclase feldspar Olivine Quartz Garnet
Which sedimentary rock is most likely to be changed to slate during regional metamorphism?
Shale
Make your wager
At which location will the highest altitude of the star Polaris be observed?
The North Pole