The Expanding Nation 11.1 Jefferson as President

What was significant about the Republican victory in 1800?  March 4, 1801: Thomas Jefferson becomes President  It is the first time a new party has replaced another  Republicans control both houses of Congress  John Adams (former Pres) doesn’t even show up for the inauguration.

Jefferson in Office Jefferson…..  Reduces the military Army-3,200 soldiersArmy-3,200 soldiers Navy-7 shipsNavy-7 ships  Gets rid of the tax on whiskey  Continues to build Washington DC  Is faced with the problem of what to do with the Federalists holding top jobs. This photograph is of Thomas Jefferson's estate, Monticello, which is located in the state of Virginia. What problems did Jefferson face when he took office? What Republican policies did Jefferson introduce to solve them?

Marbury v. Madison  Supreme Court had the right to force the President to honor previous job appointments  Madison: Sec. of State  Marbury: Appointed Judge  Madison was ordered to remove Marbury

Marbury v. Madison  Supreme court said that Marbury was treated unfairly  Chief Justice Marshall said the Constitution had wrongly given the supreme court too much power

Marbury v. Madison  JUDICIAL REVIEW- The Supreme Court can declare an act of Congress unconstitutional. This increases the court’s legal authority.  What leadership qualities did Chief Justice John Marshall show in the Marbury v. Madison ruling?

Expanding the Nation 11.2 The Louisiana Purchase

French Louisiana  NAPOLEON BONAPARTE- Leader of France and a great military geniusLeader of France and a great military genius  Spain gives Louisiana to France  Future problems with France France could block US expansion across North AmericaFrance could block US expansion across North America They could interfere with US trade- New OrleansThey could interfere with US trade- New Orleans How do you think Napoleon’s failure to regain control of Haiti would affect his plans for North America?

The Louisiana Purchase  Napoleon was willing to sell Louisiana. WHY? France needed money to fight EnglandFrance needed money to fight England France did not want to fight England and the US at one timeFrance did not want to fight England and the US at one time The US could challenge England and keep them occupiedThe US could challenge England and keep them occupied  We offer $10 million for New Orleans or $15 million for all of Louisiana  Jefferson buys it, but many question if it was legal What happened to US territory in 1803, and why was this important ot he future of the United States?

Missions and Discovery  Lewis and Clark  We want to know what is out there so we send explorers  Experts in botany and surveying are sent  SACAJAWEA- Indian guide who helps the expedition

Lewis and Clark Map  What regions did Lewis and Clark cross, and why was their expedition important?

Pike’s Exploration  Zebulon Pike Sent on another mission to the West Sent on another mission to the West Ordered to find the starting point of the Red River and to spy on Spanish outposts in the Southwest Ordered to find the starting point of the Red River and to spy on Spanish outposts in the Southwest Imprisoned by the Spanish cavalry Imprisoned by the Spanish cavalry Pike thought there were great opportunities for the US in the southwest Pike thought there were great opportunities for the US in the southwest

Pike’s Expedition

Expanding the Nation 11.3 The Coming War

Danger at Sea  THE BARBARY PIRATES- US pays money to Algeria to protect our ships US pays money to Algeria to protect our ships Algeria declares war on us because we stop paying Algeria declares war on us because we stop paying We send in the Marines and Algeria surrenders We send in the Marines and Algeria surrenders

Danger at Sea  US ships are being stopped by England France and England are at warFrance and England are at war We supply them bothWe supply them both Neither country respects our NEUTRALITY- The right not to play favoritesNeither country respects our NEUTRALITY- The right not to play favorites  IMPRESSMENT England forces our sailors to work on their shipsEngland forces our sailors to work on their ships How did Great Britain’s actions affect its relationship with the United States?

A Trade War  EMBARGO ACT- We refuse to trade with any foreign countries. It only hurts us!!  NON-INTERCOURSE ACT-  We won’t trade with England or France  We will trade with the first country that doesn’t mess with our ships  How were the Embargo Act and the Non- Intercourse Act similar and different?

Rise of Tecumseh  Conflict with the Indians and British in the West.  TECUMSEH- A skilled Indian leaderA skilled Indian leader He and his brother THE PROPHET set up a town near the Wabash and Tippecanoe rivers in the Indiana TerritoryHe and his brother THE PROPHET set up a town near the Wabash and Tippecanoe rivers in the Indiana Territory  These two Indians are feared by the US settlers

War on the Frontier  THE BATTLE OF TIPPECANOE- WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON Defeats a huge Indian force near present day Lafayette, IN.Defeats a huge Indian force near present day Lafayette, IN. Why were US officials worried by Tecumseh’s actions?

Declaration of War   James Madison- Republican President who faced difficulty of carrying on the trade war.   He felt pressure from the WAR HAWKS People who pressure the government for war   The states in the south and west vote for war while the north votes for peace

Expanding the Nation 11.4 The War of 1812

War at Sea  USS CONSTITUTION VS. HMS GUERRIERE- “Old Ironsides” wins! The enemy’s shots bounce off of the sides.  The US wins some battles, but we don’t have enough ships to match England  The British blockade our ports and hurt our economy.

Fighting the War   US is defeated at FORT DETROIT by the British and Tecumseh   BATTLE OF LAKE ERIE   A US victory gives us hope   BATTLE OF THAMES A US victory-Tecumseh is killed

The British on the Offensive  British attack and burn Washington DC  President Madison barely gets out  THE BATTLE OF FORT MCHENRY Fort is shelled for 25 hours Fort is shelled for 25 hours British give up and leave British give up and leave Star spangled Banner is written by Francis Scott Key Star spangled Banner is written by Francis Scott Key

Battle of New Orleans  British want to capture the city and control US trade  2,000 British are killed or wounded; the US-70  War is declared over before the battle even started  TREATY OF GHENT Peace treaty is signed on Dec 24, Peace treaty is signed on Dec 24, Battle starts Jan 8, Battle starts Jan 8, 1815.

Battle of New Orleans  The US escapes with a win, but barely!!!