Middle Ages part 1 Study Guide November 18 th, 2013

Brainteaser#35: Who served the religious and social needs of the people? 2.What is a serf? 3.Charlemagne built what to unite the empire? 4.The Islamic capital was moved from Damascus to where? 5.Name the contributions of Ancient China?

1. Parish Priests 2.A peasant farmer under the control of a local ruler 3.Churches, Schools and Roads 4.Baghdad 5.Civil service system, Porcelain, paper and silk

Middle Ages Study Guide Part 1 1.Classical heritage of Rome Christian beliefs Customs of Germanic tribes 2. Christian 3. Family tires and personal loyalty held Germanic society together 4. Secular authority declined and Church authority grew because The gradual decline of the Roman Empire, the Church was the institution that survived Became the unifying force in western Europe

5.Monastries 6. Missionaries 7.Charlemagne 8. Parish Priests 9.Invasions 10. An area of land granted to a local ruler by a Monarch

11.A local ruler who swore allegiance top the monarch in return for full control over the local land and people 12. A peasant farmer under the control of a local ruler 13. A system of government in which local rulers swore allegiance to their monarch in return for control over their lands and peasants

14. Rigid class structure, Self-sufficient manors 15. The Franks 16. Pope Leo III because he saved the pope’s life 17. Roman culture because an establishment of a central government 18. The present day countries of France, Germany and part of Italy 19. Churches, Roads and schools

20. Anglos and Saxons 21. Magyars 22.Vikings 23. Manors with castles 24. Trade and towns declined 25. developed agriculture (domesticated plants) domesticated animals, used advanced tools made pottery, developed weaving skills

26. Origin of democratic principles: Direct democracy, public debate, duties of the citizen 27.Study the Ancient Civilizations map 28. Geographic size: Difficulty of defense and administration Economy: The cost of defense, and devaluation of Roman currency Military: Army membership started to include non-Romans, resulting in decline of discipline Moral decay: People’s loss of faith in Rome and the family Political problems: Civil conflict and weak administration Invasion: Attacks on borders

29. A drop in the value of money, leading to increased in prices. The devaluation of Roman Currency 30. Founder: Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) Four Noble Truths Eightfold Path to Enlightenment

31. Eastern Church: Constantinople Close to seat of power after Constantinople became capital Use of Greek language Western Church :Rome Farther from seat of power after Constantinople became capital Use of Latin language. The pope in the west and Patriarch in the east whether or not priest can be married

32. Cultural contributions and achievements Architecture (Dome of the Rock) Mosaics, Arabic alphabet, Universities Translation of ancient texts into Arabic Scientific contributions and achievements Arabic numerals (adapted from India, including zero) Algebra Medicine Expansion of geographic knowledge