1. http://www.castles-abbeys.co.uk/various-pictures3.html RAP From your vocabulary, place these people in the correct order in Medieval Society from the most powerful to the least powerful. Serf Lord Monarch Vassal (Knight)

2. The Middle Ages SOL WHI. 9 http://www.castles-abbeys.co.uk/various-pictures3.html

3. 476 A.D. Western Roman Empire collapses due to Germanic invasions. 500 – 1500 A.D. Period of history known as the MIDDLE AGES. Roman Empire Large territory unified under one government Led by an emperor Large cities, money economy, literate society, etc. Europe in Middle Ages Small Germanic kingdoms; boundaries constantly changed Money scarce; trade disrupted by invasions; cities faded; illiterate society People entered into agreements with land owning lords who provided them with protection in exchange for work.

4. Foundations of medieval society Classical heritage of Rome Christian beliefs Customs of Germanic tribes Feudalism begins Invasions shattered Roman protection over the Empire. The decline of Roman influence in Western Europe left people with little protection against invasion, so they entered into feudal agreements with land-holding lords who promised them protection.

5. Invasions by the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, & Vikings Magyars Vikings

6. Feudal society during the Middle Ages Fief – land worked by the peasants Vassals – “landlords”; swore allegiance to the king; could serve as a knight Serfs – peasants that worked the land Feudal obligations Manorial system during the Middle Ages Rigid class structure Self-sufficient manors

7. Chapter 13, Section 2—Feudalism in Europe 1) Explain the mutual obligations of the feudal system. In exchange for military and other services, a lord granted land to a vassal 2) Explain why the feudal system often resulted in complicated alliances. The same noble might be a vassal to several different lords 3) Describe feudal social classes.3 Groups: the fighters, the religious peeps, & workers *usually inherited* 4) Explain the mutual obligations between lord and serfs under the manor system. Serfs worked to receive housing, land, & protection (performed any & all tasks necessary for the upkeep of the estate…aka, the manor) 5) Explain why the serfs rarely had to leave the manor. They made everything they needed Manors were self-sufficient 6) Explain why the serfs accepted their economic hardships. People accepted their “lot” in life They believed it was what God had decreed for their lives

9. Life on the Manor

11. Daily Life on the Manor

12. Influence of the Roman Catholic Church during the Middle Ages The Roman Catholic Church grew in importance after Roman authority declined. It became the unifying force in western Europe. The Pope anointed the Holy Roman Emperors. Missionaries carried Christianity to Germanic tribes. The Church served the social, political, and religious needs of the people.

13. St. Peter’s Basilica Vatican City, Italy Built 326 A. D. Smallest country in the world. The Pope is the ruler. Current basilica was built starting in 1506

14. Influence of the Church Roman authority declined, while Church authority grew Monasteries preserved Greco-Roman cultural achievements Missionaries carried Christianity and Latin alphabet to Germanic tribes Pope anointed Charlemagne as Holy Roman Emperor in 800 A. D. Parish priests served religious and social needs of the people

15. Age of Charlemagne Frankish kings used military power to expand their territory. Franks emerged as a force in Western Europe Charles I, Charles the Great = Charlemagne Pope crowned the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. The alliance between Frankish kings and the church reestablished Roman culture in Western Europe. Power of the Church was established in political life Roman culture was revived Most of Western Europe was included in the new empire Churches, roads, and schools were built to unite the empire

16. Charlemagne Born grandson of Charles Martel, son of Pepin the Short Ruled from 771 - 814 A.D. Spread Christianity while reuniting western Europe Crowned by Pope Leo III Christmas Day 800 A. D. Died at age 70

17. Charlemagne’s Empire

18. Invasions by the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, & Vikings Invasions by Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings disrupted the social, economic, and political order of Europe. Areas of Settlement Angles and Saxons from continental Europe to England Vikings from Scandinavia to Russia Magyars from Central Asia to Hungary Huns from Central Asia to the Danube River area Hun–gary= Huns + Ma(gyars)

19. Invasions by the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, & Vikings Magyars Vikings

20. Influence of the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, & Vikings Manors with castles provided protection from invaders Invasions disrupted trade, towns declined, and the feudal system was strengthened